Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Boxplots representing tumor size and the presence and degree of peritumoral edema of PXA and APXA. A significant difference (P < . 05) between PXA and APXA is demonstrated with both tumor size and the presence and degree of peritumoral edema.
- FIG 2.
A significant difference (P < .05) between the BRAF p. V600E-mutant type PXA group and the BRAF p. V600E wild-type PXA group is demonstrated with both tumor size and the presence and degree of peritumoral edema. However, there was no significant difference in both tumor size and the maximum diameter of peritumoral edema between the BRAF p. V600E-mutant type APXA group and BRAF p. V600E wild-type APXA group.
- FIG 3.
Boxplots representing ADCmin and ADCmean of PXA and APXA. A significant difference (P < .05) between PXA and APXA is demonstrated with both ADCmin and ADCmean.
- FIG 4.
A significant difference (P < .05) between the BRAF p. V600E-mutant type PXA group and the BRAF p. V600E wild-type PXA group is demonstrated with both ADCmin and ADCmean. However, there was no significant difference in both ADCmin and ADCmean between the BRAF p. V600E-mutant type APXA group and BRAF p. V600E wild-type APXA group.
- FIG 5.
Conventional and advanced MR images of BRAF p. V600E-mutant and wild-type PXA. Upper row: A 27-year-old female patient with a BRAF p. V600E-mutant pleomorphic astrocytoma. T2WI (A) and contrast-enhanced T1WI (B) show a homogeneous contrast-enhancing solid tumor with mild perilesional edema located in the temporal lobe. C, A correlative ADC map shows the tumor with an elevated ADC value (ADCmin = 1089). Second row: A 53-year-old male patient with a BRAF p. V600E wild-type pleomorphic astrocytoma. T2WI (A) and contrast-enhanced T1WI (B) show a heterogeneous contrast-enhancing tumor with cystic degeneration and marked perilesional edema located in the insula. C, A correlative ADC map shows the lesion with a decreased ADC value (ADCmin = 875). Third row: A 46-year-old female patient with a BRAF p. V600E wild-type anaplastic pleomorphic astrocytoma. T2WI (A) and contrast-enhanced T1WI (B) show a heterogeneous contrast-enhancing tumor with cystic degeneration and marked perilesional edema located in the insula. C, A correlative ADC map shows the lesion with diffusion restriction (ADCmin = 704). CE indicates contrast-enhanced.
Tables
PXA APXA P Value Clinical data Male sex (No.) (%) 3 (30%) 6 (46.1%) .363 Mean age (yr) 34 (SD, 10) 41 (SD, 10) .232 Presenting symptoms (No.) .899 Seizures 6 9 Headache or increased ICP 2 2 Neurologic deficit 2 2 BRAF p. V600E-mutant 6 (60%) 5 (38.5%) .273 Location (No.) .526 Frontal lobe 0 3 Temporal lobe 5 5 Occipital lobe 1 1 Parietal lobe 2 3 Insula 2 1 Superficial location (No.) (%) 8 (80%) 11 (84.6%) .596 Conventional MR imaging Mean size (cm) 2.2 (SD, 0.9) 3.2 (SD, 0.6) <.01 Presence of cystic degeneration (No.) (%) 6 (60%) 9 (69.2%) .490 Peritumoral edema (mean) (cm) 1.2 (SD, 0.8) 2.1 (SD, 0.9) .021 Heterogeneous enhancement (No.) (%) 4 (40%) 11 (84.6%) <.001 Leptomeningeal contact (No.) (%) 8 (80%) 11 (84.6%) .596 Note:—ICP indicates intracranial pressure.
- Table 2:
Demographic data and conventional MR imaging characteristics of BRAF p. V600E-mutant and BRAF p. V600E wild-type PXA
BRAF p. V600E- Mutant PXA BRAF p. V600E Wild-Type PXA P Value Clinical data Male sex (No.) (%) 2 (33.3%) 1 (25%) .667 Mean age (yr) 32 (SD, 8.6) 37(SD, 13) .762 Presenting symptoms (No.) .870 Seizures 4 2 Headache or increased ICP 1 1 Neurologic deficit 1 1 Location (No.) .405 Frontal lobe 0 0 Temporal lobe 3 2 Occipital lobe 0 1 Parietal lobe 2 0 Insula 1 1 Superficial location (No.) (%) 4 (66.6%) 4 (100%) .333 Conventional MR imaging Mean size (cm) 1.7 (SD, 0.4) 3.1 (SD, 0.9) .038 Presence of cystic degeneration (No.) (%) 2 (33.3%) 4 (100%) .071 Peritumoral edema (mean) (cm) 0.6 ± 0.2 2.1 ± 0.7 <.01 Heterogeneous enhancement (No.) (%) 0 (0%) 4 (100%) <.001 Leptomeningeal contact (No.) (%) 6 (100%) 2 (50%) .03 Note:— ICP indicates intracranial pressure.
- Table 3:
Demographic data and conventional MR imaging characteristics of BRAF p. V600E-mutant and BRAF p. V600E wild-type APXA
BRAF p. V600E-Mutant APXA BRAF p. V600E Wild-Type APXA P Value Clinical data Male sex (No.) (%) 3 (60%) 3 (37.5%) .413 Mean age (yr) 33 (SD, 13) 43 (SD, 6) .284 Presenting symptoms (No.) .850 Seizures 3 6 Headache or increased ICP 1 1 Neurologic deficit 1 1 Location (No.) .276 Frontal lobe 0 3 Temporal lobe 2 3 Occipital lobe 1 0 Parietal lobe 2 1 Insula 0 1 Superficial location (No.) (%) 4 (80.0%) 7 (87.5%) .641 Conventional MR imaging Mean size (cm) 3.2 (SD, 0.5) 3.3 (SD, 0.7) .943 Presence of cystic degeneration (No.) (%) 3 (60%) 6 (75%) .343 Peritumoral edema (mean) (cm) 1.8 (SD, 0.4) 2.4 (SD, 0.9) .354 Heterogeneous enhancement (No.) (%) 5 (100%) 6 (75%) .359 Leptomeningeal contact (No.) (%) 4 (80%) 7 (87.5%) .641 Note:— ICP indicates intracranial pressure.
PXA APXA P Value ADCmin (×10−6 mm2/s) 951 (SD, 88) 755 (SD, 77) <.001 ADCmean (×10−6 mm2/s) 1173 (SD, 159) 956 (SD, 106) <.001 - Table 5:
Advanced MR imaging characteristics of the BRAF p. V600E-mutant PXA and BRAF p. V600E wild-type PXA groups
BRAF p. V600E-Mutant PXA BRAF p. V600E Wild-Type PXA P Value ADCmin (×10−6 mm2/s) 988 (SD, 73) 896 (SD, 86) .047 ADCmean (×10−6 mm2/s) 1248 (SD, 116) 1060 (SD, 159) .049 - Table 6:
Advanced MR imaging characteristics of the BRAF p. V600E-mutant APXA and BRAF p. V600E wild-type APXA groups
BRAF p. V600E-Mutant APXA BRAF p. V600E Wild-Type APXA P Value ADCmin (×10−6 mm2/s) 762 (SD, 92) 750 (SD, 73) 1 ADCmean (×10−6 mm2/s) 925 (SD, 131) 974 (SD, 92) .724
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