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Figures
- Fig 1.
HYPRFlow image reconstruction. Top row: 60 whole-brain 3D radial scans are obtained every 0.5 seconds and reconstructed by using a 0.75-second acquisition window during the first passage of the contrast bolus. Four scans are displayed from this time-series (3D CE-VIPR timeframes). Top right: following the dynamic scan, a 3D radial phase-contrast MRA is obtained (5-minute PC-VIPR MRA used as the vascular constraint). Middle row: temporal weighting images are produced by using a low-pass filter. Bottom row: HYPR LR multiplication and reconstruction are performed by using the phase-contrast angiographic data to constrain the dynamic weighting images. Four HYPRFlow images from the 60-image time-series are displayed, demonstrating improved SNR and spatial resolution following HYPR LR reconstruction.
- Fig 2.
Right temporal lobe AVM. Top row: 3 HYPRFlow images from the 60-image dynamic series. Arterial (A), mixed (B), and venous phase (C) images are displayed. Bottom row: corresponding DSA arterial (D), mixed (E), and venous phase (F) images. The HYPRFlow images demonstrate the cortical venous drainage similar to the DSA.
- Fig 3.
HYPRFlow images of a left parietal occipital AVM, demonstrating whole-brain coverage and isotropic 0.68-mm resolution. Top row: axial HYPRFlow MIP images left to right: arterial, mixed, and venous phase. Bottom row: the same image data projected into the coronal plane, left to right: arterial, mixed, and venous phase images.
- Fig 4.
The same patient as shown in Fig 3. Top row: HYPRFlow images in the sagittal plane: arterial (A), mixed (B), and venous phase (C). Bottom row: corresponding DSA images: arterial (D), mixed (E), and venous phase (F). Note the excellent correlation of the arterial supply and venous drainage pattern.
- Fig 5.
Left posterior frontal AVM. A, The DSA examination demonstrates a small deep medullary vein (arrows), which drains into the straight sinus. The AVM nidus was in close proximity to the Broca area and was scored as Spetzler-Martin grade III. B, Coronal HYPRFlow late arterial phase image with poor delineation of the deep medullary vein (arrows), resulting in incorrect classification of the AVM as Spetzler-Martin grade II.
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