Case of the Week Diagnoses

• IgG4-related Pachymeningitis
• "Polio-like" Myelitis
• "White" Dermoid

1

• 18q Deletion Syndrome

A

• A Rare Presentation of Klippel-Feil Syndrome: The Single Cervical Vertebra
• A von Hippel-Lindau Disease-Associated Primary Clear Cell Microcystic Adenoma in the Sinonasal Cavity
• Aberrant Internal Carotid Artery
• Absence of the Left Meckel Cave with Trigeminal Neuropathy
• Acquired Cholesteatoma of the External Auditory Canal
• Acquired Epidermoid Cyst
• Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma
• ACTA2-related Cerebrovascular Disease
• Acute Cerebellitis
• Acute Cerebral Fat Embolism
• Acute Cerebral Fat Embolism
• Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis (AHEM) Mimicking Abscess
• Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis (AHLE)
• Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis (AHLE) Associated with Leptospirosis
• Acute Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
• Acute Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
• Acute Hyperextension “Surfer’s” Myelopathy
• Acute Idiopathic Carotidynia
• Acute Ischemia of the Mammillary Bodies
• Acute Kernicterus (Bilirubin Encephalopathy)
• Acute Lenticulostriate Artery Infarct with Branch Atheromatous Disease (BAD)
• Acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion (ALERD)
• Acute Methanol Intoxication
• Acute Methotrexate Toxicity
• Acute Methotrexate-Induced Encephalopathy
• Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE) Triggered by Influenza
• Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE)
• Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy of Childhood (ANEC)
• Acute parenchymal neuro-Behçet’s disease
• Acute Polyradiculoneuropathy in SLE
• Acute Post-traumatic Spinal Subarachnoid Hematoma
• Acute Retroclival Subdural Hematoma Secondary to Pituitary Apoplexy
• Acute Toxic Leukoencephalopathy
• Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Esophagus
• Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma with Perineural Spread
• Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
• Adrenomyeloneuropathy
• Adult Epiglottitis
• Adult Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy: Diabetes Mellitus and Deafness
• Agenesis of Corpus Callosum
• Agenesis of the Internal Carotid Artery
• Agenesis of the Internal Carotid Artery
• Agenesis of the Internal Carotid Artery
• Aggressive Spinal Hemangioma
• Aicardi Syndrome
• Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome
• Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome
• Alexander Disease Type I
• Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis with Intracranial Extension
• ALVEOLAR PARAMENINGEAL RHABDOMYOSARCOMA
• Alzheimer-like Dementia in Down's Syndrome
• Ameloblastic Carcinoma (AC)
• Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO)
• Ameloblastoma
• Amyloid-Beta–related Angiitis (ABRA)
• Amyloidosis with Intracerebral Acute Hemorrhage and Superficial Siderosis
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
• Anaplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor
• Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma
• Ancient Schwannoma
• Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC) of the Lumbar Spine
• Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Temporal Bone
• Ankylosing Spondylitis + Acute Fracture
• Anterior Cranial Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting as Subdural Hematoma
• Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery–Neurovascular Conflict (AICA–NVC) Causing Pulsatile Tinnitus
• Anterior Sacral Meningocele Related to Marfan Syndrome
• Anterior Spinal Artery Aneurysm
• Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome
• Anti-Ma2 Antibody Paraneoplastic Encephalitis (Secondary to Mediastinal Seminoma)
• Anti-NMDA Encephalitis
• ANTI-NMDA RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS
• Apical Petrositis
• Arachnoid Cyst with Accessory Nerve Palsy
• Arachnoid Cyst with Intracystic and Subdural Hematoma
• Arachnoiditis Ossificans
• Arterial displasia in PHACE SYNDROME
• ASL Hypoperfusion Artifacts after Carotid Stenting
• Aspergillus Fumigatus Cerebral Abscess
• Astroblastoma
• Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation (AOD)
• Atretic Parietal Cephalocele
• Atretic Parietal Meningocele
• Atypical Dermoid Cyst
• Atypical PRES with Spinal Cord Involvement
• Atypical Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome with Spinal Cord Involvement (PRES-SCI)
• Atypical Vascular Neoplasm of the Cavernous Sinus (Low-to-Intermediate Grade)
• Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy
• Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS)

B

• Baastrup Syndrome
• Balò's Concentric Sclerosis
• Balo’s Concentric Sclerosis
• Band Heterotopia
• Basal Encephalocele and Morning Glory Syndrome
• Basal Ganglia Stroke in Child Following Mild Head Trauma
• Basal Meningitis with Isolated Unilateral Basal Vein of Rosenthal Thrombosis
• Benign Lymphoepithelial Cysts
• Benign Notochordal Cell Tumor
• Benign Notochordal Cell Tumor
• Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (BPAN)
• Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (BPAN)
• Bilateral Dacryops
• Bilateral Dilated Endolymphatic Sacs with Dysplastic Cochleas and Vestibules
• Bilateral Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration
• Bilateral Optic Perineuritis
• Bilateral Petrous Apex Cephaloceles
• Bilateral Petrous Apex Cephaloceles (PACs)
• Bilateral Symmetric Caudate Head Hemorrhage
• Bilateral Temporal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
• Bilateral Thalamic Infarctions Due to Occlusion of the Paramedian Artery
• Bing-Neel syndrome (BNS)
• Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws
• Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury – Denver Grade III (Pseudoaneurysm)
• Bone Flap Osteomyelitis with Subperiosteal Abscess
• Brachial Plexitis
• Brain Abscess (Caused by Prototheca)
• Brain Calcification in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
• Brain Death
• Brain-in-Brain Malformation
• Brainstem Astrocytoma
• Brainstem PRES
• Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome
• Breast Metastasis to the Pineal Gland
• Brown Tumor of Hyperparathyroidism
• Bulbar and Spinal Cord Marburg Disease
• Burkitt's Lymphoma (Endemic Form)

C

• CADASIL
• CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy)
• Calcifying Pseudoneoplasm of the Neural Axis (CAPNON)
• Calcifying Pseudoneoplasm on the Neuroaxis (CAPNON)
• Calcinosis Cutis Circumscripta
• Calvarial plasmacytoma as an initial presentation for multiple myeloma
• Camurati-Engelmann Disease
• Canavan Disease
• Candida Microabscess
• Capecitabine-Induced Acute Toxic Leukoencephalopathy
• Capillary Telangiectasia
• Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) of the orbit arising from the lacrimal gland
• Carotid Body Tumor (CBT)
• Carotid Cavernous Sinus Dural Fistula
• Carotid Web and Ischemic Stroke
• Carotid-Cochlea Dehiscence
• Carotidynia or Transient Perivascular Inflammation of the Carotid Artery (TIPIC) Syndrome
• Cat Scratch Disease
• Cauda Equina Paraganglioma
• Caudal Regression Syndrome
• Cavernous Hemangioma of the Skull
• Cavernous Sinus Hemangioma
• Cellular Ependymoma—Cervical Cord
• Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandible
• Central Nervous System Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
• Central Neurocytoma
• Central Neurocytoma
• Central-Variant Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES)
• Cerebal Coenurosis
• Cerebellar Dural Arteriovenous Fistula
• Cerebellar Tumefactive Perivascular Space
• Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) Associated with Inflammation (Inflammatory CAA)
• Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation
• Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-related Inflammation (CAA-I)
• Cerebral Amyloidoma Associated with B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Cerebral Aspergillosis Mimicking Aggressive Brain Neoplasm
• Cerebral Chagas Disease (Chagoma) in a Patient with Previously Unknown AIDS
• Cerebral Fat Emboli
• Cerebral Fat Embolism (with Associated Shear Injury)
• Cerebral Hydatidosis
• Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome
• Cerebral Inflammatory Pseudotumor or Plasma cell Granuloma
• Cerebral Malaria
• Cerebral Nocardiosis
• Cerebral Toxoplasmosis
• Cerebral (Venous) Air Embolism
• Cerebrofacial Arteriovenous Metameric Syndrome (CAMS) Type II
• Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis
• Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis
• Cervical Schwannoma Presenting As Intracranial Posterior Fossa Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)
• Cervical Spine Chordoma
• Cervical spine dermal sinus tract (DST)
• Cervical Tumoral Calcinosis
• CHANTER (Cerebellar, Hippocampal, and Basal Nuclei Transient Edema with Restricted Diffusion) Syndrome
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT)
• CHARGE Syndrome
• Chasing the Dragon (Heroin Leukoencephalopathy)
• Chondroid Chordoma
• Chondrosarcoma of the Cricoid Cartilage
• Chordoid Glioma
• Chordoid Meningioma
• Chordoid Meningioma of the Third Ventricle
• Chordoma
• Chorea-acanthocytosis
• Choroid Plexus Infarction
• Choroid Plexus Infarction
• Choroid Plexus Papilloma of the 4th Ventricle
• Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)
• Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)
• Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation With Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids (CLIPPERS)
• Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO)
• Cisternal Racemose Neurocysticercosis
• Clear cell meningioma
• Clival Aspergilloma
• CNS Aspergillosis
• CNS Cryptococcosis
• CNS Nocardiosis
• CNS Pheohyphomycoses (Fungal Infection)
• CNS Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (CNS-PTLD)
• CNS Tuberculoma
• CNS Whipple Disease
• Cobb Syndrome (Spinal Arteriovenous Metameric Syndrome)
• Coccidiodomycosis Spondylitis
• Cochlear Incomplete Partition Type II and Large Vestibular Aqueduct
• Cochlear (Intralabyrinthine) Schwannoma
• Cochlear Otosclerosis
• Cochlear (Retrofenestral) Otosclerosis
• Cockayne Syndrome
• Coloboma
• Complete Carotid Artery Agenesis
• Complete Labyrinthine Aplasia
• Complete Labyrinthine Aplasia (CLA)
• Congenital Afibrinogenemia
• Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
• Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
• Congenital Epulis
• Congenital Infiltrating Lipomatosis
• Congenital Lipomatous Overgrowth, Vascular Malformations, Epidermal Nevi, and Skeletal Anomalies (CLOVES) Syndrome
• Congenital Neuropathic Strabismus Due to Bilateral Third Cranial Nerve Hypoplasia/Aplasia
• Congenital Piriform Aperture Stenosis
• Congenital Unilateral Perisylvian Syndrome
• Conjoined Nerve Roots
• Copper Deficiency Myelopathy
• (Corneal) Staphyloma, Anterior
• Corpus Callosum Cavernous Malformation Bleeding into the Cavum Septum Pellucidum and Causing Noncommunicating Hydrocephalus
• Cranial Fasciitis of Childhood
• Craniofacial Parameningeal Rhabdomyosarcoma
• Craniopharyngioma
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
• Critical Illness–Associated Microbleeds
• Crouzon Syndrome
• Cryptococcosis
• Currarino Syndrome (Incomplete Variant)
• Cylindroma — Brooke-Spiegler Syndrome
• Cyst of Velum Interpositum
• Cystic Schwannoma of the Cauda Equina
• Cysticercosis
• Cytomegalovirus-Associated Ventriculitis and Chorioretinitis

D

• Delayed Posthypoxic Leukoencephalopathy
• Delayed Posthypoxic Leukoencephalopathy
• Dengue Encephalitis
• Dental Implant Migration
• Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy (DRPLA)
• Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma
• Developmental Venous Anomaly
• Developmental Venous Anomaly Associated with Unilateral Dystrophic Calcification of the Basal Ganglia and Thalamus
• Diabetic Striatopathy
• Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDHc) Deficiency
• Dialysis-Related Spondyloarthropathy
• Diastematomyelia (Type 1)
• Diastematomyelia with Intramedullary Dermoid
• Diffuse Axonal Injury
• Diffuse Axonal Injury
• Diffuse Cerebral Anoxia
• Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) with Trans-Discal Fracture at L2-L3
• Diffuse Infiltrating Retinoblastoma
• Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
• Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor
• Diffuse Leptomeningeal Melanocytosis
• Diffuse Pediatric-Type High-Grade Glioma H3-Wild-Type and IDH-Wild-Type, Optico-Chiasmatic Region
• Dilated Perivascular Space of the Anterior Superior Temporal Lobe
• Direct Carotid Cavernous Fistula
• Direct Vertebral-Epidural Arteriovenous Fistula
• Dissecting Aneurysm of the Main Arterial Feeder of a Vermian AVM
• Disseminated Coccidiodomycosis
• Disseminated Cysticercosis
• Disseminated Hemangioblastomatosis
• Disseminated Systemic Hydatidosis
• Diving (Plunging) Ranula
• Dorsal Thoracic Arachnoid Web
• Down Syndrome with Atlantoaxial Instability and Persistent Ossiculum Terminale
• Drug-Induced Intracranial Hypertension
• Drug-Induced Chronic Hyperfluorosis
• Duplicated Pituitary Gland
• Duplication of the Pituitary Gland (DPG)-Plus Syndrome
• Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (DAVF)
• Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (DAVF), with Perimedullary Drainage
• Dural Venous Sinus Laceration Complicating Extradural Hematoma
• Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome with Crossed Cerebellar Atrophy
• Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (DNET)
• Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (DNET)
• Dysmorphic Ear Ossicles in Fanconi Anemia
• Dystrophic Calcification of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

E

• Eagle Syndrome
• Ecchordosis Physaliphora
• Ectopic Choroid Plexus in Chiari II Malformation
• Ectopic Neurohypophysis
• Ectopic Neurohypophysis, Absent Stalk, Hypoplastic Adenohypophysis
• Ectopic Thymus Mimicking Lymph Node Metastasis
• Ectopic Thyroid Gland (ETG)
• EIGHTH NERVE NEUROPATHY SECONDARY TO SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE)
• Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes (ETMR)
• Emphysematous Supraglottitis
• Endolymphatic Sac Tumor (ELST)
• Endophthalmitis
• Enhancing Subependymoma
• Epidermoid Cyst
• Epidermoid, Intraventricular
• Epidural Arteriovenous Fistula with Perimedullary Drainage
• Epidural Lipomatosis with Post-operative Cord Infarct
• Epidural Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD)
• Epidural Spinal Hemangioma
• Epstein-Barr Encephalitis
• Erdheim-Chester Disease (ECD) with Involvement of the Central Nervous System
• Erosive Arachnoiditis
• Esthesioneuroblastoma
• Ewing’s Sarcoma
• External Auditory Canal Cholesteatoma
• Extra-axial medulloblastoma, SHH-activated subtype
• Extradural Spinal Arachnoid Cyst
• Extradural Spinal Hemangioblastoma
• Extramedullary hematopoiesis
• Extramedullary Plasmacytoma
• Extraosseous Primary Chordoma of the Nasopharynx
• Extrapontine Diffuse Midline Glioma
• Extraventricular Neurocytoma

F

• Fabry's Disease
• Facial Calcinosis in Lupus Erythematosus
• Facial Nerve Schwannoma
• Facial Nerve Schwannoma
• Facial Ossifying Fibroma
• Fahr's Disease
• Fat Embolism
• Febrile Illness–Related Status Epilepticus (FIRES)
• Fetal Zika Infection
• Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
• Fibrous Dysplasia of the Middle Turbinate
• Focal Adhesive Arachnoiditis
• Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type II
• Fogging Effect
• 4H Leukodystrophy
• Fragile X–Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS)
• Frontal Lobe Intraparenchymal Schwannoma
• Frontonasal Meningoencephalocystocele
• Fukuyama Congenital Muscular Dystrophy
• Fulminant Multiple Sclerosis
• Fungal Abscess
• FXTAS ( Fragile X Tremor Ataxia Syndrome)

G

• Ganglioglioma
• Ganglioglioma
• Ganglioglioma with Malignant Transformation
• Gardner Syndrome
• Geniculate Ganglion Schwannoma
• Giant Arachnoid Granulation
• Giant Cavernous Angioma
• Giant Cavernous Malformation
• Giant Cavernous Sinus Hemangioma
• Giant cell arteritis
• Giant Cell Granuloma
• Giant Cervical Lipoma
• (Giant) Hemangiopericytoma
• Giant Intracerebral Mature Tuberculoma
• Giant Invasive Schwannoma
• Giant Lateral Pterygoid Plate Osteochondroma
• Giant Oral Cavity Teratoma
• Giant Pterygopalatine Schwannoma
• Giant Serpentine Aneurysm
• Giant Temporal Intradiploic Arachnoid Cyst
• Giant Thrombosed Posterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm
• Giant Tonsillolith Migration, Secondary Perforation, and an Associated Mediastinitis
• Giant Virchow-Robin Space
• Giant Virchow-Robin Spaces
• Glioblastoma in Congenital Mismatch Repair Deficiency (CMMRD) Syndrome
• Glioblastoma involving the optic nerve
• Glioblastoma Multiforme of the Pineal Region
• Gliomatosis Cerebri
• Gliosarcoma
• Global Anoxic/Hypotensive Cerebral Injury
• Glomus Vagale
• Glutaric Acidemia (Type 1)
• Glutaric Aciduria Type 1 with Subependymal Nodules
• GM1 Gangliosidosis (Adult-Onset Type)
• Gobbi Syndrome
• Gorham Disease (Vanishing Bone Disease)
• Gorlin Syndrome
• Granular Cell Tumor
• Granulocytic Sarcoma (Chloroma/Extramedullary Myeloblastoma)
• Granulocytic Sarcoma of the Spine
• Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis
• Grisel Syndrome
• Growing Skull Fracture
• Guillain-Barré Syndrome
• Gusher Ear in a Patient with Dysplastic Otic Capsule

H

• Hadju-Cheney Syndrome
• Hand-Schüller-Christian Disease
• Heat Stroke
• Hemangioblastoma
• Hemangioblastoma
• Hemangioblastomas in Von Hippel'Lindau Disease
• Hemichorea-Hemiballismus Syndrome
• Hemichorea-Hemiballismus Syndrome in Nonketotic Hyperglycemia
• Hemimegalencephaly
• Hemiplegic Migraine Headache
• Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
• Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome–Associated Encephalopathy
• Hemorrhagic Herpes Encephalitis
• Hemorrhagic Vestibular Schwannoma
• Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
• Herpes Encephalitis
• Herpetic Trans-synaptic Lesion Affecting the Trigeminal Spinal Nucleus and Tract
• HIGH ALTITUDE CEREBRAL EDEMA
• High CBV due to Developmental Venous Anomaly (DVA)
• Hirayama Disease
• Hirayama Disease
• HIV Encephalopathy Due to Congenital HIV Infection
• HIV-related Lymphoepithelial Cysts
• Horizontal Gaze Palsy with Progressive Scoliosis (HGPPS)
• HSV-1 Encephalitis and Acute Cerebral Infarcts
• Hunter Syndrome
• Huntington Disease
• Huntington Disease
• Hurler's Syndrome
• Hydatid Cyst
• Hydrogen Peroxide Toxicity
• Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
• Hyperglycemia-induced Hemiballism-hemichorea
• Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor (HPT-JT) Syndrome
• Hypertensive Brainstem Encephalopathy
• Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration
• Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration
• Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration (HOD)
• Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration (HOD)
• Hypertrophy of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
• Hypoglossal Schwannoma
• Hypoglossal Schwannoma
• Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy
• Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy
• Hypoplasia of the Internal Carotid Artery with Intercavernous Anastomosis and Congenital Horner Syndrome
• Hypothalamic Hamartoma
• Hypothalamic Hamartoma
• Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) and Cortical Laminar Necrosis

I

• IAC Atresia with Aberrant Temporal Facial Nerve Canal
• Idiopathic (Nonlesional) Bilateral Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration
• (Idiopathic) Foramen of Monro Stenosis/Atresia
• Idiopathic Herniation of Gyrus Rectus
• Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
• Idiopathic Lumbosacral Epidural Lipomatosis
• Idiopathic Neonatal Subpial Hemorrhage
• (Idiopathic) Pneumoparotid
• Idiopathic Spinal Cord Herniation
• Idiopathic Thoracic Spinal Cord Herniation into a Vertebral Body
• Idiopathic (viral?) Left CN VII Palsy
• IgG4-Related Hypophysitis
• Immune Effector Cell–Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS)
• Incomplete Hanging with Regional Hyperperfusion
• Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)
• Incudomalleolar Dislocation
• Indirect Dural Arteriovenous Fistula of Left Cavernous Sinus
• Infantile Krabbe Disease (Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy)
• Infantile Krabbe Disease (KD)
• Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy (INAD)
• Infected Remnant of 2nd Branchial Cleft Cysts
• Infectious Aortic Aneurysm with Vertebral Involvement
• Infectious Spondylodiscitis
• Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor
• Inflammatory Pseudotumor (IPT) of the Brain
• Internal Carotid Artery Agenesis
• Intracept Procedure – Radiofrequency Ablation of Basivertebral Nerve
• Intracranial Adhesive Arachnoiditis
• Intracranial Arterial Dissection
• Intracranial Cystic Cavernous Malformations
• Intracranial Fat Embolism in a Patient with Vertebral Body Infarctions Due to Sickle Cell Anemia
• Intracranial Gossypiboma/Textiloma
• Intracranial Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma
• Intracranial Metal Emboli
• Intracranial Metastasis in Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma
• Intracranial Neurenteric Cyst
• Intracranial Pre- and Paravertebral Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD)
• Intracranial Ruptured Mature Teratoma
• Intracranial Temporomandibular Joint Synovial/Ganglion Cyst
• Intradural Extramedullary Tuberculoma of the Spinal Cord
• Intradural Spinal Mature Teratoma
• Intralabyrinthine Hemorrhage
• Intramedullary Cavernoma
• Intramedullary Mature Teratoma
• Intramedullary Neurosarcoidosis
• Intramedullary Spinal Cord Abscess
• Intramedullary Spinal Cord Abscess Secondary to Infected Congenital Dermal Sinus
• Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis (ISCM) from Renal Cell Carcinoma
• Intraorbital Epidermoid Cyst
• Intraorbital Hydatid Cyst
• (Intraosseous) Anterior Skull Base Meningioma
• Intraosseous Hemangioma of Skull
• Intraosseous Lipoma
• Intraosseous Schwannoma
• Intraspinal Epidermoid Cyst
• Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma (IVL)
• Intraventricular Meningioma
• Intraventricular Migration of Silicone Oil
• Intraventricular Neurocysticercosis
• Intraventricular Pilocytic Astrocytoma with Subependymal Metastases
• Intraventricular Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
• Intraventricular Schwannoma
• Intraventricular Supratentorial Hemangioblastoma
• Intravertebral Disc Cyst
• Invasive Fungal Sinusitis with Optic Nerve Ischemia
• Invasive Pituitary Adenoma
• Iodide-Induced Sialoadenitis
• Ipilimumab-Induced Hypophysitis
• Irreversible Cortical Blindness in Nonketotic Hyperglycemia
• Isolated Cortical Vein Thrombosis
• Isolated Cortical Vein Thrombosis Mimicking Brain Neoplasm
• Isolated Hypothalamic Metastasis from Lung Cancer
• Isolated Nasopharyngeal Amyloidoma
• Isoniazid Toxicity

J

• Joubert Syndrome-Related Disorders (JSRD)
• Jugular Schwannoma
• Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JA)
• Juvenile Recurrent Parotitis

K

• Kallmann Syndrome
• Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS)
• Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS)
• Kikuchi Disease (Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis)
• Kimura Disease
• Kimura’s Disease
• Klippel-Feil Syndrome
• Kratom Neurotoxicity

L

• L-2 Hydroxyglutaric Aciduria
• L-carnitine deficiency with associated thalmic hemorrhage
• Labyrinthitis Ossificans
• Labyrinthitis Ossificans (Fibrous Stage)
• Labyrinthitis Ossificans (Ossifying Stage)
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
• Langerhans cell histiocytosis (Eosinophilic granuloma)
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) of the Spine
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis
• Laryngeal Tuberculosis
• Late-Onset Pompe Disease
• Lead Encephalopathy
• Leigh Disease
• Leigh's Syndrome
• Lemierre Syndrome
• Lemierre Syndrome
• LENTICULOSTRIATE ARTERY DISSECTING ANEURYSM
• Lenticulostriate Vasculopathy (LV)
• Leptomeningeal Familial Amyloidosis
• Leptomeningeal Lipomatous Hamartomas with Associated Dysplastic Cortex
• Leukoencephalopathy with Brain Stem and Spinal Cord Involvement and Lactate Elevation (LBSL)
• Leukoencephalopathy with Brainstem and Spinal Cord Involvement and Lactate Elevation (LBSL)
• Levamisole Leukoencephalopathy
• Levator Claviculae Muscle
• Levator Scapulae Cysticerosis
• Lhermitte-Duclos Disease
• Limited Dorsal Myeloschisis, Nonsaccular Type
• Linear Scleroderma
• Lingual Artery Pseudoaneurysm and Neopharynx Dehiscence Status Post Total Laryngectomy
• Lingual Thyroid
• Lipedematous scalp
• Lipoid Proteinosis: Bilateral Amygdalae Calcifications
• Lipomatous meningioma
• Lipomatous Meningioma
• Lipomyelocele with ossified dysraphic hamartoma
• Listeria Rhombencephalitis
• Listerial Rhombencephalitis
• Lobular Capillary Hemangioma
• Lowe (Oculocerebrorenal) Syndrome
• Lymphangiomatous Polyp
• Lymphocytic Hypophysitis
• Lymphomatous Meningitis from Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

M

• Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma (pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma) of the Larynx
• Malignant Melanotic Nerve Sheath Tumor (MMNST)
• Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST)
• Maple Syrup Urine Disease
• Maple Syrup Urine Disease
• Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
• Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
• Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
• Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Cancer with Involvement of 2nd Div. of left Trigeminal Nerve
• Medulloblastoma
• Medulloblastoma with Extensive Nodularity
• Medulloepithelioma of the Ciliar Body
• Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with Subcortical Cysts
• Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with Subcortical Cysts (MLC) 1 in an Adult
• Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with Subcortical Cysts (MLC)
• Melanotic Neurectodermal Tumor of Infancy
• Meningeal Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor
• Meningeal Melanocytoma
• Meningeal Melanocytosis
• Meningioangiomatosis
• Meningioangiomatosis
• Meningioangiomatosis with Associated Meningioma
• Meningitis, Ventriculitis, and Liquefaction of Periventricular White Matter (Citrobacter koseri)
• Meningovascular Syphilis
• Mesencephalic Exophytic Cavernous Malformation
• Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma of the Neck
• Mesial Temporal Sclerosis
• Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
• Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
• Metastasic Ganglioneuroblastoma in the Orbit
• Metastatic Neuroblastoma
• Methanol Intoxication
• Methanol Intoxication
• Methanol Toxicity
• Methotrexate-Induced Neurotoxicity
• Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy
• Metronidazole-Induced Toxic Encephalopathy
• Middle Cerebellar Peduncle and Corticospinal tract Wallerian Degeneration Secondary to Pontine Infarction
• Middle Interhemispheric Variant of Holoprosencephaly
• Midline Craniofacial-Cerebral Dysraphism
• Midline Spinal Cord Hamartoma
• Miliary Brain Tuberculosis
• Mitochondrial Disease with Heterozygous NUBPL Mutation
• Mitochondrial Encephalopathy Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-Like Episodes (MELAS)
• Mitochondrial Encephalopathy Lactic Acidosis Stroke-Like Episodes (MELAS)
• Mixed Hearing Loss due to Aberrant Position of the Right Facial Nerve
• Morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) with associated abnormalities
• Moyamoya Disease
• Moyamoya Disease
• Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 1 (Hurler Syndrome)
• Multifocal Glioblastoma
• Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumor of the Cerebrum (MVNT)
• Multinodular and Vacuolating Posterior Fossa Lesions of Unknown Significance (MV-PLUS)
• Multiple cavernomas of the corpus callosum
• Multiple Intracranial Myxomatous Aneurysms
• Multiple Meningiomas in NF-2
• Multiple Nonsyndromic Schwannomas
• Multiple System Atrophy
• Multiple System Atrophy — Cerebellar Type
• Multiple System Atrophy-Parkinson Type (MSA-P)
• Murray Valley Encephalitis
• Mycotic/Infectious Aneurysm
• Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease (MOGAD)
• Myeloid Sarcoma of the Cavernous Sinus – JAK2-Positive Myeloproliferative Disorder with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Transformation
• Myofibroma
• Myotonic Dystrophy (Steinert Disease)
• Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1
• Myxopapillary Sacrococcygeal Ependymoma

N

• Nasal Dermal Sinus (with Incidental Associated Nasal Fracture)
• Nasal Mucormycosis with Invasion of Skull Base
• Nasal Septal Abscess
• Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
• Neonatal Candida Albicans Brain Abscesses
• Neonatal Endophthalmitis
• Neonatal Parechovirus (HPeV) Encephalitis
• Neurenteric Cyst
• Neurenteric Cyst
• Neuroacanthocytosis
• Neuroborreliosis
• Neurobrucellosis
• Neurocutaneous Melanosis
• Neurocysticercosis (NCC)
• Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Middle Ear Cavity
• Neuroferritinopathy
• Neurofibromatosis 2 with MISME Syndrome
• Neurofibromatosis Type 2
• Neuroglial Heterotopia (Nasal Glioma)
• Neuromyelitis Optic (Devic disease)
• Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO)
• Neurosarcoidosis
• Neurosarcoidosis
• Neurosarcoidosis
• Neurosarcoidosis
• Neurosarcoidosis
• Neurosyphilis
• Neurosyphilis
• Neurosyphilis
• Neurosyphilis - Otosyphilis
• NF-1, Extensive Plexiform Neurofibromas
• NF-2, Meningioma, Multiple Schwannomas
• Nitrous Oxide Abuse–Related Myelopathy
• Nivolumab Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis (ALE)
• Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses – Natural Killer Cell Type
• Nonalcoholic Wernicke Encephalopathy
• Nonketotic Hyperglycemic Hemichorea (NHH)
• Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia (NKH)
• Nonsecretory Pituitary Macroadenoma
• Nonsyndromal Multisuture Synostosis
• Norrie Disease

O

• Ocular Cysticercosis
• Oculo-Auriculo-Vertebral Spectrum/Goldenhar Syndrome
• Olfactory Neuroblastoma
• Olfactory Neuroblastoma (ONB)
• Opercular Syndrome due to Bilateral Perisylvian Polymicrogyria
• Ophthalmoplegic Migraine
• Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (ONH)
• Oral Hemangioma
• Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Type VI
• Orbital and Neck Emphysema (Secondary to Extensive Nose Blowing)
• Orbital Cavernous Hemangioma
• Orbital Cellulitis and Subperiosteal Abscess
• Orbital Cylindroma
• Orbital Foreign Bodies
• Orbital Hydatid Cyst
• Orbital Lipolysis
• Orbital Lymphoma with Perineural Spread
• Orbital Pseudotumor
• Orbital Varix
• Orbital Venous-Lymphatic Malformation (OVLM) (Lymphangiomas)
• Orbital Wooden Foreign Body
• Orbital Xanthoma (Adult Onset Xanthogranuloma)
• Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome
• Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome
• Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS)
• Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
• Ossifying Fibroma
• Osteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis
• Osteosarcoma of the Maxillary Sinus
• Otogenic Septic Jugular Vein Thrombophlebitis (Lemierre’s Syndrome) with s. pyogenes bacteremia
• Overlap of Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome with Bilateral Sturge-Weber Syndrome

P

• Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration (PKAN)
• Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor
• Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region
• Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region (PTPR)
• Paradoxical Cerebral Herniation
• Parahippocampal Gray Matter Heterotopias, Dysplastic Left Cerebellum
• Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis
• Parry Romberg Syndrome (PRS)
• Parry-Romberg Syndrome
• Parsonage-Turner Syndrome
• Parsonage-Turner Syndrome
• Pediatric Intervertebral Disc Calcification
• Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease (PMD)
• Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (PMSAH)
• Perineural cysts associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
• Perineural spread of squamous cell carcinoma to the greater auricular nerve
• Perineural Spread on FDG-PET/CT
• Perioperative Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
• Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor
• Perisylvian lipoma associated with a left lentiform nucleus infarct
• Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous (PHPV)
• Persistent Hypoglossal Artery
• Persistent hypoglossal artery with synchronous left internal carotid and basilar artery occlusion
• Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery with Ipsilateral ICA Occlusion, Left
• Persistent Stapedial Artery (PSA)
• Persistent Trigeminal Artery
• Petrous Apex Cephalocele
• Petrous Apex Chondrosarcoma in Ollier Disease (Enchondromatosis)
• Petrous ICA Aneurysm
• Petrous ICA Dissection
• Petrous Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm
• Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Temporomandibular Joint
• Pilocytic Astrocytoma
• Pilocytic Astrocytoma of the Spinal Cord
• Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma
• Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation, WHO grade 3
• Pineoblastoma
• Piriformis syndrome caused by a split piriformis muscle
• Pituitary Abscess
• Pituitary Apoplexy
• Pituitary Apoplexy with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Todd Paralysis
• Pituitary Carcinoma
• Pituitary Macroadenoma
• Pituitary Macroadenoma in the Setting of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) Type 1
• Pituitary Siderosis
• Pituitary Stalk Tuberculoma
• Pituitary Stone
• Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland
• Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma (PXA)
• Pneumorrhacis
• POEMS Syndrome
• POLR3B Homozygous Mutation (Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy-8)
• Polyarteritis Nodosa
• Polymicrogyria/Congenital CMV
• Polymorphous Low-grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young
• Polymorphous Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young (PLNTY)
• Pontine and Extrapontine Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome
• Pontine Tegmental Cap Dysplasia
• Post Laminectomy Gossypiboma
• Posttraumatic pseudomeningocele and nerve root avulsion
• Post-traumatic Superficial Temporal Artery Pseudoaneurysm
• Posterior Epidural Cyst Associated with Baastrup Disease
• Posterior Epidural Migration of Sequestrated Disc
• Posterior Fossa Ependymoma Group A
• Posterior Fossa Pilocytic Astrocytoma without Gangliocytic Differentiation
• Posterior Quadrantic Dysplasia
• Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome
• Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES)
• Posterior Spinal Artery Syndrome Following Thrombotic Occlusion of the Vertebral Artery
• Postictal Signal Changes
• Postpartum Hypernatremic Osmotic Demyelination
• Posttraumatic CSF Oculorrhea Secondary to Cranio-Orbital Fistula
• Posttraumatic Sialocele of the Submandibular Gland
• Pott's Puffy Tumor
• Prevertebral (Longus Coli) Calcific Tendinitis
• Primary bilateral parotid Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MALT Type)
• Primary CNS Lymphoma (PCNSL) in an Immunocompetent Patient
• Primary CNS T Cell Lymphoma (Lymphomatosis Cerebri Pattern)
• Primary Extradural Meningioma
• Primary Extradural Meningioma
• Primary Extradural Meningioma
• Primary Familial Brain Calcification
• Primary Intraosseous Meningioma
• Primary Lateral Sclerosis (PLS) with adaptive compensatory functional changes
• Primary Leptomeningeal Lymphoma
• Primary Melanoma of Cerebellopontine Angle
• Primary Nasopharyngeal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Primary Pachymeningeal (Dural) CNS Lymphoma
• Primary Paranasal Sinus Diffuse Large B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
• Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
• Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
• Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
• Psammomatoid Ossifying Fibroma
• Psammomatous Meningioma
• Pseudohypoparathyroidism
• Pseudo-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
• Pseudotumor Hemicerebellitis
• Pterygoid Hamulus Syndrome
• Pyogenic Brain Abscess

R

• Rabies Encephalomyelitis
• Radiation Myelopathy (RM)
• Radiation necrosis mimicking tumor progression
• Radiation Necrosis with Delayed Cyst Formation
• Radiation-induced osteosarcoma of the greater sphenoid wing
• Radiation-Induced Tumefactive Cyst (RITC)
• Radiation-induced vasculopathy with pontine hematoma
• Radiculopial Artery Aneurysm Rupture
• Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
• Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
• RANBP2 mutation-related Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Type 1 (ANE1)
• Rathke Cleft Cyst
• Rathke's Cleft Cyst
• Rathke's Cleft Cyst (Congenital Mucinous Cyst) of the Pituitary Stalk
• Recurrent Cholesteatoma
• Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage
• Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage
• Remote supratentorial Hemorrhage
• Renal Osteodystrophy with Brown Tumors
• Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma (REAH)
• Rete M1 Anomaly
• Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome
• Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS)
• Reversible Focal Splenial Lesion
• Rhabdomyosarcoma of Orbit
• Rheumatoid Meningitis
• Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM)
• Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis with Perineural Spread Pattern
• Rhombencephalosynapsis
• Rhombencephalosynapsis
• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
• Rosai-Dorfman Disease
• Rosai-Dorfman Disease
• Rosai-Dorfman Disease
• Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor: Hypothalamic Origin
• Ruptured Dermoid Cyst at the Cervicomedullary Junction with Intraventricular Dissemination
• Ruptured Infectious Aneurysm
• Ruptured Isolated PICA Dissecting Aneurysm
• Ruptured Mycotic ICA Aneurysm with Invasive Sphenoid Sinusitis
• Ruptured Pontine Arteriovenous Malformation
• Ruptured Spinal Cord Dermoid

S

• Sacral Agenesis
• Sacral Giant Cell Tumor
• Sacral Insufficiency Fracture
• Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
• Salla Disease
• Sarcoid Meningoencephalitis
• Sarcoidosis
• Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome (SFMS)
• Schizencephaly
• Schwannoma mimicking MPE
• Scleritis
• Scrofula
• Scrub Typhus Meningoencephalitis
• Scwhannoma
• Second Branchial Cleft Cyst
• (Secondary) Hemochromatosis
• Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis (SSD)
• Semilobar Holoprosencephaly
• Septo-Optic Dysplasia Syndrome
• Serous Fat Atrophy
• Sialoblastoma
• Silent Sinus Syndrome
• Sinonasal Eosinophilic Angiocentric Fibrosis
• Sinonasal Organized Hematoma
• Sinonasal Schwannoma
• Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting as a Clival Mass
• Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma (SNUC)
• Sinus Pericranii
• Skull Anuerysmal Bone Cyst
• Skull Base Meningioma with Perineural Spread 
• Skull Base Osteomyelitis (SBO)
• Skull Parosteal Lipoma With Reactive Hyperostosis
• SMART Syndrome
• Sneddon Syndrome
• Solitary Extrapleural Fibrous Tumor
• Solitary Fibrous Tumor
• Solitary Plasmacytoma Petrous Apex
• Spastic Paraplegia-47 (AP4B1 related AP-4 deficiency)
• Sphenoid Encephalocele
• Spinal Arachnoid Cyst with Intramedullary Extension
• Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula
• Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation
• Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformation (Type III)
• Spinal Cord Cavernous Malformation
• Spinal Cord Compression Secondary to Ossification of Ligamentum Flavum and Epidural Lipomatosis
• Spinal Cord Decompression Sickness (SCDS)
• Spinal Cord Glioblastoma Multiforme
• Spinal Cord Infarct
• Spinal Cord Infarct with Vertebral Body Infarct
• Spinal Cord Infarction
• Spinal Cord Subependymoma
• Spinal Cystic Echinococcosis (Hydatid Disease)
• Spinal Dermoid
• Spinal Dermoid
• Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (SDAVF)
• Spinal Epidermoid Cyst Post–Myelomeningocele Repair
• Spinal Epidural Angiolipoma
• Spinal Epidural Angiolipoma
• Spinal Epidural Hemangioma
• Spinal Gout Causing Spinal Cord Compression
• Spinal Hydatid Cyst
• Spinal Intradural Capillary Hemangioma
• Spinal Meningeal Melanocytoma
• Spinal Neuroendocrine Tumor
• Spinocerebellar Ataxia
• Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma
• Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
• Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma (SSEH) in the Postpartum Period
• Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• St. Louis Encephalitis (SLEV)
• Sturge Weber Syndrome
• Sturge-Weber Syndrome
• Stylocarotid Artery Syndrome (Eagle Syndrome, Vascular Variant)
• Subacute Combined Degeneration
• Subacute Labyrinthitis
• Subacute Right Thalamic Infarction
• Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
• Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) from Ruptured Persistent Hypoglossal Artery (PHA) Aneurysm
• Subconjunctival Fat Prolapse
• Subdural Hematoma from a Ruptured Pericallosal Artery Aneurysm
• Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma in Tuberous Sclerosis
• Subependymoma
• Sublingual Dermoid Cyst
• SUBMENTAL DERMOID CYST OF FLOOR OF MOUTH (IN A PATIENT WITH LEFT BUCCAL MUCOSA SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA)
• Subperiosteal Osteoid Osteoma
• Superficial Siderosis Secondary to a Paraganglioma
• Superficial Siderosis (SS)
• Suprasellar Cavernoma
• Supratentorial CNS Embryonal Tumor (formerly PNET)
• Surfer's ear - Exostosis of External Auditory Canal
• Susac Syndrome
• Susac's Syndrome
• SYNOVIAL SARCOMA
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-associated Optic Neuritis and Acute Infarction

T

• T2-FLAIR Mismatch in IDH-Mutated Glioma (Anaplastic Astrocytoma)
• T2-Weighted Hypointensity in Partial Status Epilepticus
• Tabes Dorsalis
• Tabes Dorsalis (Syphilitic Myelitis)
• Tectal Glioma
• Temporal Bone Fracture
• Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor (TGCT), Localized Type
• Tension Pneumocephalus with “Mount Fuji” Sign
• Terson Syndrome
• Thrombosed Giant Vertebral Artery Aneurysm
• Thrombosis of the Superior Sagittal, Left Transverse and Left Sigmoid Sinuses
• Thrombosis, Straight Sinus and Deep Cerebral Veins
• Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Papillary Carcinoma
• Thyroid Cartilage Chondrosarcoma
• TMJ Synovial Chondromatosis
• Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
• Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Caused by Tuberculosis
• Toxoplasmosis
• Toxoplasmosis
• Transient Global Amnesia
• Transient Global Amnesia
• Transient Global Amnesia
• Transient Global Amnesia
• Transient Splenial Lesion Due to Hypoglycemia
• Transmantle Cortical Dysplasia (with Closed Lip Schizencephaly)
• Transmodiolar Intralabyrinthine Schwannoma
• Transthyretin-Associated Amyloidomas
• Transverse Temporal Bone Fracture with Pneumolabyrinth
• Trapped Ventricle Secondary to CNS Tuberculosis
• Traumatic Carotid Cavernous Fistula (Barrow Type A)
• Traumatic Middle Meningeal Artery Pseudoaneurysm
• Traumatic Pericallosal Artery Dissection
• Traumatic Vertebral Artery Injury (Dissecting Pseudoaneurysm)
• Trigeminal Hypoplasia
• Trigeminal Schwannoma (V2 and V3)
• Trochlear Schwannoma with Superior Oblique Atrophy
• Trochleitis with Acquired Brown Syndrome
• Trousseau Syndrome
• True Congenital Hemifacial Hyperplasia with Unique Intraorbital Involvement
• Tuberculosis Hypophysitis
• Tuberculous Brain Abscess
• Tuberculous Meningitis
• Tuberculous Meningitis with Acute Infarct with Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis
• Tuberculous Spondylitis
• Tuberous Sclerosis
• Tuberous Sclerosis
• Tubulinopathy
• Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesion
• Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions
• Tumoral Calcinosis (TC) in Scleroderma
• Type 2 Branchial Cyst
• (Type 4) Cystic Meningioma

U

• Unilateral Cerebellar Hypoplasia
• Unilateral Kallmann Syndrome with Associated GM Heterotopias
• Unilateral Membranous Choanal Atresia
• Unilateral Submandibular Gland Aplasia
• Uremic Encephalopathy with Lentiform Fork Sign
• Uremic Leontiasis Ossea

V

• Vagal Schwannoma
• Vanishing white matter (VWM) disease
• Varicella zoster virus vasculopathy (with proved positive VZV DNA in the CSF)
• Varicella-Zoster Vasculitis and Stroke
• Venolymphatic Facial Malformation
• Ventriculus Terminalis
• Vertebral Artery Transection Secondary to Penetrating Trauma
• Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH)
• Von Hippel-Lindau
• Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

W

• Wallerian Degeneration of the Pontocerebellar Fibers
• Wegener Granulomatosis
• Wernicke Encephalopathy after Bariatric Surgery
• Wernicke's Encephalopathy
• West Nile Virus Myelitis (Serum IgM +)
• WHO Grade 1 Cystic Meningioma (Type I/II)
• Wilson Disease
• Wilson's Disease
• Wolfram Syndrome
• Wolfram Syndrome (DIDMOAD)

X

• X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
• X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)

“

• “Pancake-like” Contrast Enhancement in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
• “White” epidermoid cyst