Prevalence of Cerebral Microhemorrhage following Chronic Blast-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Military Service Members Using Susceptibility-Weighted MRI

Article Figures & Data

Table 1:

Demographic and clinical characteristics (N = 146)

Variable	No.	%
Ethnicity
White	84	57.5
Hispanic	31	21.2
African American	17	11.6
Asian	9	6.2
Other	5	3.4
Tours of duty
0	7	4.8
1	55	37.7
2	48	32.9
3	19	13.0
≥4	17	11.6
Episodes of blast-related mTBI
1	77	52.7
2	41	28.1
≥3	28	19.2
Hypertension	19	13.0

Table 3:

Prevalence of CMH in civilian and military populations

Authors	Population	Mechanism of mTBI	Prevalence of CMH	Time since mTBI	MRI	Voxel Size (mm)
van der Horn et al (2017)²⁴	Civilian	Blunt	15/54 (28%)	33 days	SWI (3T)	0.9 × 0.9 × 2
Trifan et al (2017)³⁴	Civilian	Blunt	26/150 (17%)	29 months	SWI (3T)	0.5 × 0.5 × 2
Toth et al (2018)³⁵	Civilian	Blunt	1/13 (8%)	2 years	SWI (3T)	1.0 × 0.9 × 1.5
Huang et al (2015)²²	Civilian	Blunt	23/111 (23%)	25 days	SWI (3T)	0.5 × 0.5 × 2
Wang et al (2014)²³	Civilian	Blunt	32/165 (19%)	≤3 days	SWI (3T)	0.7 × 0.7 × 1.2
Yuh et al (2013)²¹	Civilian	Blunt	23/98 (23%)	12 days	T2*-weighted GRE (1.5/3T)	NA
Topal et al (2008)³⁶	Civilian	Blunt	4/40 (10%)	<1 day	T2*-weighted GRE (1.5T)	NA
Tate et al (2017)²⁶	Military members	Mixed blunt and blast	9/77 (12%)	309 days	SWI (3T)	1.0 × 0.9 × 1.5
Liu et al (2016)²⁵	Military members	Mixed blunt and blast	18/559 (3%)	1325 days	SWI (3T)	0.5 × 0.9 × 1.5
Riedy et al (2016)³	Military members	Mixed blunt and blast	29/768 (4%)	1381 days	SWI (3T)	0.5 × 0.9 × 1.5
Current study (2018)	Military members	Blast	0/146 (0%)	9 years	SWI (3T)	0.5 × 0.6 × 2