Altered White Matter Microstructure in the Corpus Callosum and Its Cerebral Interhemispheric Tracts in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Diffusion Tensor Imaging Analysis

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Fig 1.
Subdivision of the CC based on the Witelson template¹⁹ in the midsagittal view in 2D segmentation (A), 3D segmentation (B), and fiber tractography (C).
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Fig 2.
Illustration of the interhemispheric tract with the ROIs (left and right Brodmann 2) selected from the Brodmann atlas.
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Fig 3.
Results of voxelwise statistical analysis using the TBSS pipeline. The red lines show the lower FA value in the voxels in the subject with AIS compared with control subjects. S indicates superior; I, inferior; R, right; L, left; P, posterior; A, anterior.
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Fig 4.
Summary of FA values of each subdivision of the corpus callosum divided by the Witelson template¹⁹ in the 2D segmentation ROI analysis. Blue represents controls, and red represents patients with AIS.
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Fig 5.
Summary of the mean FA values on the right and left of 3D segmentation of the CC for each subdivision according to the Witelson template¹⁹ in controls and patients with AIS.
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Fig 6.
The laterality index of the CC for both patients with AIS (red) and controls (blue). The laterality index was calculated by the following formula: LI = (Mean FA_LHS − Mean FA_RHS) / (Mean FA_LHS + Mean FA_RHS).

Table 1:

Demographics of subjects with AIS with different curve severities and healthy controls

Table 2:

Descriptive statistics of the FA comparison between controls and patients with AIS in 2D segmentation^{^a}

	Controls	AIS	P Value (Uncorrected)	P Value (Corrected)^{^b}
Rostrum	0.7528 ± 0.02735	0.7455 ± 0.04039	.31	.62
Genu	0.6997 ± 0.02552	0.6870 ± 0.02955	.025	.08
Anterior midbody	0.6607 ± 0.04330	0.6647 ± 0.0366	.61	.73
Posterior midbody	0.6445 ± 0.05131	0.6516 ± 0.04586	.46	.68
Isthmus	0.7630 ± 0.03550	0.7631 ± 0.03340	.99	.99
Splenium	0.7845 ± 0.03228	0.7630 ± 0.03855	.004	.02

Table 3:

Descriptive statistics of the FA comparison between controls and patients with AIS in 3D segmentation^{^a}

	Controls		AIS		P Value (Uncorrected)		P Value (Corrected)^{^b}
	LH	RH	LH	RH	LH	RH	LH	RH
Rostrum	0.7592 ± 0.02106	0.7664 ± 0.02260	0.7548 ± 0.02522	0.7645 ± 0.02396	.33	.69	1	.83
Genu	0.7349 ± 0.01735	0.7180 ± 0.0175	0.7246 ± 0.01843	0.7073 ± 0.02316	.005^{^c}	.47	.03^{^c}	.94
Anterior midbody	0.7144 ± 0.02782	0.6985 ± 0.02027	0.7150 ± 0.02142	0.7004 ± 0.02379	.91	.67	.91	.90
Posterior midbody	0.6921 ± 0.03998	0.6764 ± 0.03216	0.6973 ± 0.03141	0.6780 ± 0.03358	.48	.81	.82	.88
Isthmus	0.7655 ± 0.01978	0.7574 ± 0.02134	0.7612 ± 0.02547	0.7548 ± 0.02395	.36	.56	.87	.85
Splenium	0.7842 ± 0.02128	0.7883 ± 0.01990	0.7701 ± 0.02154	0.7841 ± 0.02404	.001^{^c}	.34	.012^{^c}	1

Table 4:

Descriptive statistics of the laterality index comparison between controls and patients with AIS^{^a}

	Controls	AIS	P Value (Uncorrected)	P Value (Corrected)^{^b}
Rostrum	−0.0047 ± 0.00965	−0.0064 ± 0.01120	.41	.61
Genu	0.0116 ± 0.00750	0.0068 ± 0.01001	.01^{^c}	.03^{^c}
Anterior midbody	0.0111 ± 0.01220	0.0104 ± 0.01156	.76	.76
Posterior midbody	0.0112 ± 0.01331	0.0142 ± 0.01521	.31	.61
Isthmus	0.00053 ± 0.01001	0.0042 ± 0.01101	.60	.72
Splenium	−0.00026 ± 0.00848	−0.009 ± 0.01108	.002^{^c}	.012^{^c}