Radiologic Classification of Hippocampal Sclerosis in Epilepsy

References

1. 1.↵
   Collaborators GBDE. Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol 2019;18:357–75 doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30454-X pmid:30773428

   CrossRefPubMed
2. 2.↵
   1. Shin JH,
   2. Joo EY,
   3. Seo DW, et al

   . Prognostic factors determining poor postsurgical outcomes of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. PLoS One 2018;13:e0206095 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206095 pmid:30339697

   CrossRefPubMed
3. 3.↵
   1. Louis S,
   2. Morita-Sherman M,
   3. Jones S, et al

   . Hippocampal sclerosis detection with NeuroQuant compared with neuroradiologists. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020;41:591–7 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A6454 pmid:32217554

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
4. 4.↵
   1. Blumcke I,
   2. Pauli E,
   3. Clusmann H, et al

   . A new clinico-pathological classification system for mesial temporal sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 2007;113:235–44 doi:10.1007/s00401-006-0187-0 pmid:17221203

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. 5.↵
   1. Menzler K,
   2. Hamer HM,
   3. Mross P, et al

   . Validation of automatic MRI hippocampal subfield segmentation by histopathological evaluation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizure 2021;87:94–102 doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2021.03.007 pmid:33752160

   CrossRefPubMed
6. 6.↵
   1. Middlebrooks EH,
   2. Quisling RG,
   3. King MA, et al

   . The hippocampus: detailed assessment of normative two-dimensional measurements, signal intensity, and subfield conspicuity on routine 3T T2-weighted sequences. Surg Radiology Anat 2017;39:1149–59 doi:10.1007/s00276-017-1843-x pmid:28286911

   CrossRefPubMed
7. 7.↵
   1. Blumcke I,
   2. Thom M,
   3. Aronica E, et al

   . International consensus classification of hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy: a Task Force report from the ILAE Commission on Diagnostic Methods. Epilepsia 2013;54:1315–29 doi:10.1111/epi.12220 pmid:23692496

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
8. 8.↵
   1. Berkovic SF,
   2. McIntosh AM,
   3. Kalnins RM, et al

   . Preoperative MRI predicts outcome of temporal lobectomy: an actuarial analysis. Neurology 1995;45:1358–63 doi:10.1212/wnl.45.7.1358 pmid:7617198

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
9. 9.↵
   1. Alarcon G,
   2. Valentin A,
   3. Watt C, et al

   . Is it worth pursuing surgery for epilepsy in patients with normal neuroimaging? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:474–80 doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.077289 pmid:16543525

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
10. 10.↵
    1. Kitaura H,
    2. Shirozu H,
    3. Masuda H, et al

    . Pathophysiological characteristics associated with epileptogenesis in human hippocampal sclerosis. EBioMedicine 2018;29:38–46 doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.02.013 pmid:29478873

    CrossRefPubMed
11. 11.↵
    1. Cavazos JE,
    2. Cross DJ

    . The role of synaptic reorganization in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2006;8:483–93 doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.01.011 pmid:16500154

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
12. 12.↵
    1. Noebels JL,
    2. Avoli M,
    3. Rogawski MA

    1. Buckmaster PS

    . Mossy fiber sprouting in the dentate gyrus. In: Noebels JL, Avoli M, Rogawski MA, eds. Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies, 4th ed. National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2012:416–32
13. 13.↵
    1. Barbarosie M,
    2. Louvel J,
    3. Kurcewicz I, et al

    . CA3-released entorhinal seizures disclose dentate gyrus epileptogenicity and unmask a temporoammonic pathway. J Neurophysiol 2000;83:1115–24 doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.3.1115 pmid:10712442

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
14. 14.↵
    1. Wyler AR,
    2. Curtis Dohan F,
    3. Schweitzer JB, et al

    . A grading system for mesial temporal pathology (hippocampal sclerosis) from anterior temporal lobectomy. J Epilepsy 1992;5:220–5 doi:10.1016/S0896-6974(05)80120-3

    CrossRefWeb of Science
15. 15.↵
    1. Nascimento FA,
    2. Friedman D,
    3. Peters JM, et al

    . Focal epilepsies: update on diagnosis and classification. Epileptic Disord 2023;25:1–17 doi:10.1002/epd2.20045 pmid:36938903

    CrossRefPubMed
16. 16.↵
    1. Sass KJ,
    2. Sass A,
    3. Westerveld M, et al

    . Specificity in the correlation of verbal memory and hippocampal neuron loss: dissociation of memory, language, and verbal intellectual ability. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1992;14:662–72 doi:10.1080/01688639208402854 pmid:1474137

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
17. 17.↵
    1. Coras R,
    2. Pauli E,
    3. Li J, et al

    . Differential influence of hippocampal subfields to memory formation: insights from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain 2014;137:1945–57 doi:10.1093/brain/awu100 pmid:24817139

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
18. 18.↵
    1. Raghavendra S,
    2. Nooraine J,
    3. Mirsattari SM

    . Role of electroencephalography in presurgical evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res Treat 2012;2012:204693 doi:10.1155/2012/204693 pmid:23198144

    CrossRefPubMed
19. 19.↵
    1. Calderon-Garciduenas AL,
    2. Mathon B,
    3. Levy P, et al

    . New clinicopathological associations and histoprognostic markers in ILAE types of hippocampal sclerosis. Brain Pathol 2018;28:644–55 doi:10.1111/bpa.12596 pmid:29476662

    CrossRefPubMed
20. 20.↵
    1. Tezer FI,
    2. Xasiyev F,
    3. Soylemezoglu F, et al

    . Clinical and electrophysiological findings in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis, based on the recent histopathological classifications. Epilepsy Res 2016;127:50–54 doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.08.012 pmid:27561188

    CrossRefPubMed
21. 21.↵
    1. Sagar HJ,
    2. Oxbury JM

    . Hippocampal neuron loss in temporal lobe epilepsy: correlation with early childhood convulsions. Ann Neurol 1987;22:334–40 doi:10.1002/ana.410220309 pmid:3674798

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
22. 22.↵
    1. Wiebe S,
    2. Blume WT,
    3. Girvin JP, et al

    ; Effectiveness and Efficiency of Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Study Group. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med 2001;345:311–18 doi:10.1056/NEJM200108023450501 pmid:11484687

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. 23.↵
    1. Bien CG,
    2. Kurthen M,
    3. Baron K, et al

    . Long-term seizure outcome and antiepileptic drug treatment in surgically treated temporal lobe epilepsy patients: a controlled study. Epilepsia 2001;42:1416–21 doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.43300.x pmid:11879344

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
24. 24.↵
    1. Engel J Jr.,
    2. McDermott MP,
    3. Wiebe S, et al

    ; Early Randomized Surgical Epilepsy Trial (ERSET) Study Group. Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial. JAMA 2012;307:922–30 doi:10.1001/jama.2012.220 pmid:22396514

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
25. 25.↵
    1. Jehi L,
    2. Jette N,
    3. Kwon CS, et al

    . Timing of referral to evaluate for epilepsy surgery: Expert Consensus Recommendations from the Surgical Therapies Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia 2022;63:2491–506 doi:10.1111/epi.17350 pmid:35842919

    CrossRefPubMed
26. 26.↵
    1. Jardim AP,
    2. Corso JT,
    3. Garcia MT, et al

    . Hippocampal atrophy on MRI is predictive of histopathological patterns and surgical prognosis in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Epilepsy Res 2016;128:169–75 doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.10.014 pmid:27842262

    CrossRefPubMed
27. 27.↵
    1. Garcia PA,
    2. Laxer KD,
    3. Barbaro NM, et al

    . Prognostic value of qualitative magnetic resonance imaging hippocampal abnormalities in patients undergoing temporal lobectomy for medically refractory seizures. Epilepsia 1994;35:520–4 doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02471.x pmid:8026397

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
28. 28.↵
    1. Chen B,
    2. Lundstrom BN,
    3. Crepeau AZ, et al

    . Brain responsive neurostimulation device safety and effectiveness in patients with drug-resistant autoimmune-associated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2022;184:106974 doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.106974 pmid:35803065

    CrossRefPubMed
29. 29.↵
    1. Bauman K,
    2. Devinsky O,
    3. Liu AA

    . Temporal lobe surgery and memory: lessons, risks, and opportunities. Epilepsy Behav 2019;101:106596 doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106596 pmid:31711868

    CrossRefPubMed
30. 30.↵
    1. Li Y,
    2. Liu P,
    3. Lin Q, et al

    . Postoperative seizure and memory outcome of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: a systematic review. Epilepsia 2023;64:2845–60 doi:10.1111/epi.17757 pmid:37611927

    CrossRefPubMed
31. 31.↵
    1. Drane DL

    . MRI-guided stereotactic laser ablation for epilepsy surgery: promising preliminary results for cognitive outcome. Epilepsy Res 2018;142:170–5 doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.09.016 pmid:28964596

    CrossRefPubMed
32. 32.↵
    1. Kerezoudis P,
    2. Parisi V,
    3. Marsh WR, et al

    . Surgical outcomes of laser interstitial thermal therapy for temporal lobe epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg 2020;143:527–36.e3 doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.07.194 pmid:32750511

    CrossRefPubMed
33. 33.↵
    1. Fisher R,
    2. Salanova V,
    3. Witt T, et al

    ; SANTE Study Group. Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of thalamus for treatment of refractory epilepsy. Epilepsia 2010;51:899–908 doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02536.x pmid:20331461

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
34. 34.↵
    1. Salanova V,
    2. Witt T,
    3. Worth R, et al

    ; SANTE Study Group. Long-term efficacy and safety of thalamic stimulation for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. Neurology 2015;84:1017–25 doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000001334 pmid:25663221

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
35. 35.↵
    1. Middlebrooks EH,
    2. Jain A,
    3. Okromelidze L, et al

    . Acute brain activation patterns of high- versus low-frequency stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus during deep brain stimulation for epilepsy. Neurosurgery 2021;89:901–08 doi:10.1093/neuros/nyab306 pmid:34460925

    CrossRefPubMed
36. 36.↵
    1. Wang YC,
    2. Kremen V,
    3. Brinkmann BH, et al

    . Probing circuit of Papez with stimulation of anterior nucleus of the thalamus and hippocampal evoked potentials. Epilepsy Res 2020;159:106248 doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.106248 pmid:31841958

    CrossRefPubMed
37. 37.↵
    1. Bernasconi A,
    2. Cendes F,
    3. Theodore WH, et al

    . Recommendations for the use of structural magnetic resonance imaging in the care of patients with epilepsy: a consensus report from the International League Against Epilepsy Neuroimaging Task Force. Epilepsia 2019;60:1054–68 doi:10.1111/epi.15612 pmid:31135062

    CrossRefPubMed
38. 38.↵
    1. Zhang Y,
    2. Lv Y,
    3. You H, et al

    . Study of the hippocampal internal architecture in temporal lobe epilepsy using 7T and 3T MRI. Seizure 2019;71:116–23 doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2019.06.023 pmid:31325818

    CrossRefPubMed
39. 39.↵
    1. Lu CQ,
    2. Gosden GP,
    3. Okromelidze L, et al

    . Brain structural differences in temporal lobe and frontal lobe epilepsy patients: a voxel-based morphometry and vertex-based surface analysis. Neuroradiol J 2022;35:193–202 doi:10.1177/19714009211034839 pmid:34313179

    CrossRefPubMed
40. 40.↵
    1. Azab M,
    2. Carone M,
    3. Ying SH, et al

    . Mesial temporal sclerosis: accuracy of NeuroQuant versus neuroradiologist. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015;36:1400–06 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4313 pmid:25907519

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
41. 41.↵
    1. Peixoto-Santos JE,
    2. de Carvalho LED,
    3. Kandratavicius L, et al

    . Manual hippocampal subfield segmentation using high-field MRI: impact of different subfields in hippocampal volume loss of temporal lobe epilepsy patients. Front Neurol 2018;9:927 doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00927 pmid:30524352

    CrossRefPubMed
42. 42.↵
    1. Sone D,
    2. Sato N,
    3. Maikusa N, et al

    . Automated subfield volumetric analysis of hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy using high-resolution T2-weighed MR imaging. NeuroImage Clin 2016;12:57–64 doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2016.06.008 pmid:27489767

    CrossRefPubMed
43. 43.↵
    1. Pai A,
    2. Marcuse LV,
    3. Alper J, et al

    . Detection of hippocampal subfield asymmetry at 7T with automated segmentation in epilepsy patients with normal clinical strength MRIs. Front Neurol 2021;12:682615 doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.682615 pmid:34867703

    CrossRefPubMed
44. 44.↵
    1. Granados Sanchez AM,
    2. Orejuela Zapata JF

    . Diagnosis of mesial temporal sclerosis: sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroradiol J 2018;31:50–9 doi:10.1177/1971400917731301 pmid:28899220

    CrossRefPubMed