CT Angiography in Evaluating Large-Vessel Occlusion in Acute Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke: Factors Associated with Diagnostic Error in Clinical Practice

References

1. 1.↵
   GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol 2019;18:459–80 doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30499-X pmid:30879893

   CrossRefPubMed
2. 2.↵
   1. Berkhemer OA,
   2. Majoie CB,
   3. Dippel DW

   ; MR CLEAN Investigators. Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2015;372:2363 doi:10.1056/NEJMc1504715 pmid:26061844

   CrossRefPubMed
3. 3.↵
   1. van den Berg LA,
   2. Dijkgraaf MG,
   3. Berkhemer OA, et al

   ; MR CLEAN Investigators. Two-year outcome after endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2017;376:1341–49 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1612136 pmid:28379802

   CrossRefPubMed
4. 4.↵
   1. Goyal M,
   2. Menon BK,
   3. van Zwam WH, et al

   ; HERMES Collaborators, Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from five randomised trials. Lancet 2016;387:1723–31 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00163-X pmid:26898852

   CrossRefPubMed
5. 5.↵
   1. Almekhlafi MA,
   2. Kunz WG,
   3. Menon BK, et al

   . Imaging of patients with suspected large-vessel occlusion at primary stroke centers: available modalities and a suggested approach. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019;40:396–400 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A5971 pmid:30705072

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
6. 6.↵
   1. Walker BS,
   2. Shah LM,
   3. Osborn AG

   . Calcified cerebral emboli, a “do not miss” imaging diagnosis: 22 new cases and review of the literature. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014;35:1515–19 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A3892 pmid:24651819

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
7. 7.↵
   1. Ranganathan P,
   2. Pramesh CS,
   3. Aggarwal R

   . Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: logistic regression. Perspect Clin Res 2017;8:148–51 doi:10.4103/picr.PICR_123_17 pmid:28828311

   CrossRefPubMed
8. 8.↵
   1. Saver JL

   . Time is brain–quantified. Stroke 2006;37:263–66 doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000196957.55928.ab pmid:16339467

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
9. 9.↵
   1. Zubkov AY,
   2. Uschmann H,
   3. Rabinstein AA

   . Rate of arterial occlusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Neurol Res 2008;30:835–38 doi:10.1179/174313208X340969 pmid:18826810

   CrossRefPubMed
10. 10.↵
    1. Kummer BR,
    2. Gialdini G,
    3. Sevush JL, et al

    . External validation of the Cincinnati prehospital stroke severity scale. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016;25:1270–74 doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.02.015 pmid:26971037

    CrossRefPubMed
11. 11.↵
    1. Brady AP

    . Error and discrepancy in radiology: inevitable or avoidable? Insights Imaging 2017;8:171–82 doi:10.1007/s13244-016-0534-1 pmid:27928712

    CrossRefPubMed
12. 12.↵
    1. Gibo H,
    2. Carver CC,
    3. Rhoton AL Jr., et al

    . Microsurgical anatomy of the middle cerebral artery. J Neurosurg 1981;54:151–69 doi:10.3171/jns.1981.54.2.0151 pmid:7452329

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
13. 13.↵
    1. Saba L,
    2. Sanfilippo R,
    3. Montisci R, et al

    . Assessment of intracranial arterial stenosis with multidetector row CT angiography: a postprocessing techniques comparison. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010;31:874–79 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A1976 pmid:20053812

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
14. 14.↵
    1. Ota H,
    2. Takase K,
    3. Rikimaru H, et al

    . Quantitative vascular measurements in arterial occlusive disease. Radiographics 2005;25:1141–58 doi:10.1148/rg.255055014 pmid:16160101

    CrossRefPubMed
15. 15.↵
    1. Kunz WG,
    2. Sommer WH,
    3. Havla L, et al

    . Detection of single-phase CTA occult vessel occlusions in acute ischemic stroke using CT perfusion-based wavelet-transformed angiography. Eur Radiol 2017;27:2657–64 doi:10.1007/s00330-016-4613-y pmid:27722798

    CrossRefPubMed
16. 16.↵
    1. Yu AY,
    2. Zerna C,
    3. Assis Z, et al

    . Multiphase CT angiography increases detection of anterior circulation intracranial occlusion. Neurology 2016;87:609–16 doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000002951 pmid:27385749

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
17. 17.↵
    1. Byrne D,
    2. Sugrue G,
    3. Stanley E, et al

    . Improved detection of anterior circulation occlusions: the “delayed vessel sign” on multiphase CT angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017;38:1911–16 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A5317 pmid:28798219

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
18. 18.↵
    1. Becks MJ,
    2. Manniesing R,
    3. Vister J, et al

    . Brain CT perfusion improves intracranial vessel occlusion detection on CT angiography. J Neuroradiol 2019;46:124–29 doi:10.1016/j.neurad.2018.03.003 pmid:29625153

    CrossRefPubMed
19. 19.↵
    1. Amukotuwa SA,
    2. Straka M,
    3. Smith H, et al

    . Automated detection of intracranial large vessel occlusions on computed tomography angiography. Stroke 2019;50:2790–98 doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.026259 pmid:31495328

    CrossRefPubMed
20. 20.↵
    1. Kavanagh EC,
    2. Fenton DM,
    3. Heran MK, et al

    . Calcified cerebral emboli. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006;27:1996–99 pmid:17032882

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
21. 21.↵
    1. Dobrocky T,
    2. Piechowiak E,
    3. Cianfoni A, et al

    . Thrombectomy of calcified emboli in stroke: does histology of thrombi influence the effectiveness of thrombectomy? J Neurointerv Surg 2018;10:345–50 doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2017-013226 pmid:28798266

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
22. 22.↵
    1. Kwak HS,
    2. Park JS

    . Successful recanalization using the Embolus Retriever with Interlinked Cage for acute stroke due to calcified cerebral emboli. Interv Neuroradiol 2018;24:674–77 doi:10.1177/1591019918784259 pmid:29969958

    CrossRefPubMed
23. 23.↵
    1. Mair G,
    2. Boyd EV,
    3. Chappell FM, et al

    ; IST-3 Collaborative Group. Sensitivity and specificity of the hyperdense artery sign for arterial obstruction in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2015;46:102–07 doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.007036 pmid:25477225

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
24. 24.↵
    1. Klingebiel R,
    2. Kentenich M,
    3. Bauknecht HC, et al

    . Comparative evaluation of 64-slice CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography in assessing the cervicocranial vasculature. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2008;4:901–07 doi:10.2147/vhrm.s2807 pmid:19066008

    CrossRefPubMed