Skip to main content
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Video Articles
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
  • Special Collections
    • AJNR Awards
    • Low-Field MRI
    • Alzheimer Disease
    • ASNR Foundation Special Collection
    • Photon-Counting CT
    • View All
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcasts
    • AJNR SCANtastic
    • Trainee Corner
    • MRI Safety Corner
    • Imaging Protocols
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit a Video Article
    • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Statistical Tips
    • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Author Policies
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Board Alumni
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home

User menu

  • Alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
American Journal of Neuroradiology
American Journal of Neuroradiology

American Journal of Neuroradiology

ASHNR American Society of Functional Neuroradiology ASHNR American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology ASSR
  • Alerts
  • Log in

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Video Articles
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
  • Special Collections
    • AJNR Awards
    • Low-Field MRI
    • Alzheimer Disease
    • ASNR Foundation Special Collection
    • Photon-Counting CT
    • View All
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcasts
    • AJNR SCANtastic
    • Trainee Corner
    • MRI Safety Corner
    • Imaging Protocols
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit a Video Article
    • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Statistical Tips
    • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Author Policies
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Board Alumni
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home
  • Follow AJNR on Twitter
  • Visit AJNR on Facebook
  • Follow AJNR on Instagram
  • Join AJNR on LinkedIn
  • RSS Feeds

AJNR Awards, New Junior Editors, and more. Read the latest AJNR updates

Research ArticlePatient Safety
Open Access

What Does the Boxed Warning Tell Us? Safe Practice of Using Ferumoxytol as an MRI Contrast Agent

C.G. Varallyay, G.B. Toth, R. Fu, J.P. Netto, J. Firkins, P. Ambady and E.A. Neuwelt
American Journal of Neuroradiology July 2017, 38 (7) 1297-1302; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5188
C.G. Varallyay
aFrom the Departments of Radiology (C.G.V., J.P.N.)
bNeurology (C.G.V., G.B.T., J.P.N., J.F., P.A., E.A.N.)
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for C.G. Varallyay
G.B. Toth
bNeurology (C.G.V., G.B.T., J.P.N., J.F., P.A., E.A.N.)
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for G.B. Toth
R. Fu
cMedical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology (R.F.)
eSchool of Public Health (R.F.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for R. Fu
J.P. Netto
bNeurology (C.G.V., G.B.T., J.P.N., J.F., P.A., E.A.N.)
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for J.P. Netto
J. Firkins
bNeurology (C.G.V., G.B.T., J.P.N., J.F., P.A., E.A.N.)
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for J. Firkins
P. Ambady
bNeurology (C.G.V., G.B.T., J.P.N., J.F., P.A., E.A.N.)
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for P. Ambady
E.A. Neuwelt
bNeurology (C.G.V., G.B.T., J.P.N., J.F., P.A., E.A.N.)
dNeurosurgery (E.A.N.)
fPortland Veterans Affairs Medical Center (E.A.N.), Portland, Oregon.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for E.A. Neuwelt
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Lu M,
    2. Cohen MH,
    3. Rieves D, et al
    . FDA report: ferumoxytol for intravenous iron therapy in adult patients with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hematol 2010;85:315–19 doi:10.1002/ajh.21656 pmid:20201089
    CrossRefPubMed
  2. 2.↵
    1. Bashir MR,
    2. Bhatti L,
    3. Marin D, et al
    . Emerging applications for ferumoxytol as a contrast agent in MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015;41:884–98 doi:10.1002/jmri.24691 pmid:24974785
    CrossRefPubMed
  3. 3.↵
    1. Hope MD,
    2. Hope TA,
    3. Zhu C, et al
    . Vascular imaging with ferumoxytol as a contrast agent. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015;205:W366–73 doi:10.2214/AJR.15.14534 pmid:26102308
    CrossRefPubMed
  4. 4.↵
    1. Nayak AB,
    2. Luhar A,
    3. Hanudel M, et al
    . High-resolution, whole-body vascular imaging with ferumoxytol as an alternative to gadolinium agents in a pediatric chronic kidney disease cohort. Pediatr Nephrol 2015;30:515–21 doi:10.1007/s00467-014-2953-x pmid:25212105
    CrossRefPubMed
  5. 5.↵
    1. Varallyay CG,
    2. Nesbit E,
    3. Fu R, et al
    . High-resolution steady-state cerebral blood volume maps in patients with central nervous system neoplasms using ferumoxytol, a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013;33:780–86 doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.36 pmid:23486297
    CrossRefPubMed
  6. 6.↵
    1. Christen T,
    2. Ni W,
    3. Qiu D, et al
    . High-resolution cerebral blood volume imaging in humans using the blood pool contrast agent ferumoxytol. Magn Reson Med 2013;70:705–10 doi:10.1002/mrm.24500 pmid:23001902
    CrossRefPubMed
  7. 7.↵
    1. Finn JP,
    2. Nguyen KL,
    3. Han F, et al
    . Cardiovascular MRI with ferumoxytol. Clin Radiol 2016;71:796–806 doi:10.1016/j.crad.2016.03.020 pmid:27221526
    CrossRefPubMed
  8. 8.↵
    1. Neuwelt EA,
    2. Hamilton BE,
    3. Varallyay CG, et al
    . Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs): a future alternative magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent for patients at risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)? Kidney Int 2009;75:465–74 doi:10.1038/ki.2008.496 pmid:18843256
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  9. 9.↵
    1. Neuwelt EA,
    2. Várallyay CG,
    3. Manninger S, et al
    . The potential of ferumoxytol nanoparticle magnetic resonance imaging, perfusion, and angiography in central nervous system malignancy: a pilot study. Neurosurgery 2007;60:601–11; discussion 611–12 doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000255350.71700.37 pmid:17415196
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  10. 10.↵
    1. Storey P,
    2. Arbini AA
    . Bone marrow uptake of ferumoxytol: a preliminary study in healthy human subjects. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014;39:1401–10 doi:10.1002/jmri.24320 pmid:24123697
    CrossRefPubMed
  11. 11.↵
    1. Guthrie PJ,
    2. Thomas JV,
    3. Peker D, et al
    . Perivesical unicentric Castleman disease initially suspected to be metastatic prostate cancer. Urol Ann 2016;8:245–48 doi:10.4103/0974-7796.177196 pmid:27141204
    CrossRefPubMed
  12. 12.↵
    1. Liu L,
    2. Tseng L,
    3. Ye Q, et al
    . A new method for preparing mesenchymal stem cells and labeling with ferumoxytol for cell tracking by MRI. Sci Rep 2016;6:26271 doi:10.1038/srep26271 pmid:27188664
    CrossRefPubMed
  13. 13.↵
    1. Pouw JJ,
    2. Grootendorst MR,
    3. Bezooijen R, et al
    . Pre-operative sentinel lymph node localization in breast cancer with superparamagnetic iron oxide MRI: the SentiMAG Multicentre Trial imaging subprotocol. Br J Radiol 2015;88:20150634 doi:10.1259/bjr.20150634 pmid:26492466
    CrossRefPubMed
  14. 14.↵
    1. Wang YX
    . Current status of superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agents for liver magnetic resonance imaging. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:13400–02 doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i47.13400 pmid:26715826
    CrossRefPubMed
  15. 15.↵
    1. Muehe AM,
    2. Feng D,
    3. von Eyben R, et al
    . Safety report of ferumoxytol for magnetic resonance imaging in children and young adults. Invest Radiol 2016;51:221–27 doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000230 pmid:26656202
    CrossRefPubMed
  16. 16.↵
    1. Vasanawala SS,
    2. Nguyen KL,
    3. Hope MD, et al
    . Safety and technique of ferumoxytol administration for MRI. Magn Reson Med 2016;75:2107–11 doi:10.1002/mrm.26151 pmid:26890830
    CrossRefPubMed
  17. 17.↵
    1. Nguyen KL,
    2. Yoshida T,
    3. Han F, et al
    . MRI with ferumoxytol: a single center experience of safety across the age spectrum. J Magn Res Imaging 2017;45:804–12 doi:10.1002/jmri.25412 pmid:27480885
    CrossRefPubMed
  18. 18.↵
    Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 (CTCAE). Published August 9, 2006. https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocolDevelopment/electronic_applications/docs/ctcaev3.pdf. Accessed April 3, 2017.
  19. 19.↵
    Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0. Published 2010. https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocolDevelopment/electronic_applications/ctc.htm. Accessed April 3, 2017.
  20. 20.↵
    What is a serious adverse event? U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch/howtoreport/ucm053087.htm. Accessed May 4, 2017.
  21. 21.↵
    1. Brockow K,
    2. Sánchez-Borges M
    . Hypersensitivity to contrast media and dyes. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2014;34:547–64, viii doi:10.1016/j.iac.2014.04.002 pmid:25017677
    CrossRefPubMed
  22. 22.↵
    1. Vadhan-Raj S,
    2. Strauss W,
    3. Ford D, et al
    . Efficacy and safety of IV ferumoxytol for adults with iron deficiency anemia previously unresponsive to or unable to tolerate oral iron. Am J Hematol 2014;89:7–12 doi:10.1002/ajh.23582 pmid:23983177
    CrossRefPubMed
  23. 23.↵
    1. Macdougall IC,
    2. Strauss WE,
    3. McLaughlin J, et al
    . A randomized comparison of ferumoxytol and iron sucrose for treating iron deficiency anemia in patients with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:705–12 doi:10.2215/CJN.05320513 pmid:24458078
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  24. 24.↵
    1. Hetzel D,
    2. Strauss W,
    3. Bernard K, et al
    . A phase III, randomized, open-label trial of ferumoxytol compared with iron sucrose for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with a history of unsatisfactory oral iron therapy. Am J Hematol 2014;89:646–50 doi:10.1002/ajh.23712 pmid:24639149
    CrossRefPubMed
  25. 25.↵
    1. Bleicher AG,
    2. Kanal E
    . Assessment of adverse reaction rates to a newly approved MRI contrast agent: review of 23,553 administrations of gadobenate dimeglumine. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008;191:W307–11 doi:10.2214/AJR.07.3951 pmid:19020220
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  26. 26.↵
    1. Katayama H,
    2. Yamaguchi K,
    3. Kozuka T, et al
    . Adverse reactions to ionic and nonionic contrast media. A report from the Japanese Committee on the Safety of Contrast Media. Radiology 1990;175:621–28 doi:10.1148/radiology.175.3.2343107 pmid:2343107
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  27. 27.↵
    1. Evans C,
    2. Dalgleish AG,
    3. Kumar D
    . Review article: immune suppression and colorectal cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006;24:1163–77 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03075.x pmid:17014575
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  28. 28.↵
    1. Kawakami Y,
    2. Yaguchi T,
    3. Sumimoto H, et al
    . Cancer-induced immunosuppressive cascades and their reversal by molecular-targeted therapy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013;1284:80–86 doi:10.1111/nyas.12094 pmid:23651199
    CrossRefPubMed
  29. 29.↵
    1. Pumhirun P,
    2. Wasuwat P
    . Anergy testing in patients with head and neck cancer. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2003;21:189–92 pmid:15032403
    PubMed
  30. 30.↵
    1. Braaten K,
    2. Holcombe RF,
    3. Kim SS
    . Premedication with IV steroids effectively prevented anaphylactic reactions following ferumoxytol given as IV push in hematology and oncology patients. Am J Hematol 2015;90:E207 doi:10.1002/ajh.24132 pmid:26257099
    CrossRefPubMed
  31. 31.↵
    1. Bircher AJ,
    2. Auerbach M
    . Hypersensitivity from intravenous iron products. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2014;34:707–23, x–xi doi:10.1016/j.iac.2014.04.013 pmid:25017687
    CrossRefPubMed
  32. 32.↵
    1. Rampton D,
    2. Folkersen J,
    3. Fishbane S, et al
    . Hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous iron: guidance for risk minimization and management. Haematologica 2014;99:1671–76 doi:10.3324/haematol.2014.111492 pmid:25420283
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  33. 33.↵
    1. Gahramanov S,
    2. Muldoon LL,
    3. Varallyay CG, et al
    . Pseudoprogression of glioblastoma after chemo- and radiation therapy: diagnosis by using dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced perfusion MR imaging with ferumoxytol versus gadoteridol and correlation with survival. Radiology 2013;266:842–52 doi:10.1148/radiol.12111472 pmid:23204544
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  34. 34.↵
    1. Kanda T,
    2. Ishii K,
    3. Kawaguchi H, et al
    . High signal intensity in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images: relationship with increasing cumulative dose of a gadolinium-based contrast material. Radiology 2014;270:834–41 doi:10.1148/radiol.13131669 pmid:24475844
    CrossRefPubMed
  35. 35.
    1. Gahramanov S,
    2. Raslan AM,
    3. Muldoon LL, et al
    . Potential for differentiation of pseudoprogression from true tumor progression with dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging using ferumoxytol vs. gadoteridol: a pilot study. Int J Radiat Incol Biol Phys 2011;79:514–23 doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.10.072 pmid:20395065
    CrossRefPubMed
  36. 36.
    1. Hamilton BE,
    2. Nesbit GM,
    3. Dosa E, et al
    . Comparative analysis of ferumoxytol and gadoteridol enhancement using T1- and T2-weighted MRI in neuroimaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011;197:981–88 doi:10.2214/AJR.10.5992 pmid:21940589
    CrossRefPubMed
  37. 37.
    1. Nasseri M,
    2. Gahramanov S,
    3. Netto JP, et al
    . Evaluation of pseudoprogression in patients with glioblastoma multiforme using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging with ferumoxytol calls RANO criteria into question. Neuro Oncol 2014;16:1146–54 doi:10.1093/neuonc/not328 pmid:24523362
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  38. 38.
    1. Dósa E,
    2. Tuladhar S,
    3. Muldoon LL, et al
    . MRI using ferumoxytol improves the visualization of central nervous system vascular malformations. Stroke 2011;42:1581–88 doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.607994 pmid:21493906
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  39. 39.
    1. Dósa E,
    2. Guillaume DJ,
    3. Haluska M, et al
    . Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial tumors: intra-patient comparison of gadoteridol and ferumoxytol. Neuro Oncol 2011;13:251–60 doi:10.1093/neuonc/noq172 pmid:21163809
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  40. 40.
    1. Farrell BT,
    2. Hamilton BE,
    3. Dósa E, et al
    . Using iron oxide nanoparticles to diagnose CNS inflammatory diseases and PCNSL. Neurology 2013;81:256–63 doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31829bfd8f pmid:23771486
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  41. 41.
    1. Hamilton BE,
    2. Woltjer RL,
    3. Prola-Netto J, et al
    . Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI differentiation of meningioma from dural metastases: a pilot study with immunohistochemical observations. J Neurooncol 2016;129:301–09 doi:10.1007/s11060-016-2175-0 pmid:27393348
    CrossRefPubMed
  42. 42.
    1. Thompson EM,
    2. Guillaume DJ,
    3. Dósa E, et al
    . Dual contrast perfusion MRI in a single imaging session for assessment of pediatric brain tumors. J Neurooncol 2012;109:105–14 doi:10.1007/s11060-012-0872-x pmid:22528798
    CrossRefPubMed
  43. 43.
    UpToDate: Evidence-Based Clinical Decision Support System. Waltham, Massachusetts: Wolters Kluwer; 1992 [updated in 2016]. https://www.uptodate.com. Accessed April 3, 2017.
  44. 44.
    ACR Committee on Drugs and Contrast Media. ACR Manual on Contrast Media. Version 10.2. Published June 2016. https://www.acr.org/∼/media/ACR/Documents/PDF/QualitySafety/Resources/Contrast-Manual/2016_Contrast_Media.pdf. Accessed April 3, 2017.
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

American Journal of Neuroradiology: 38 (7)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 38, Issue 7
1 Jul 2017
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
  • Complete Issue (PDF)
Advertisement
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Journal of Neuroradiology.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
What Does the Boxed Warning Tell Us? Safe Practice of Using Ferumoxytol as an MRI Contrast Agent
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Journal of Neuroradiology
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Journal of Neuroradiology web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Cite this article
C.G. Varallyay, G.B. Toth, R. Fu, J.P. Netto, J. Firkins, P. Ambady, E.A. Neuwelt
What Does the Boxed Warning Tell Us? Safe Practice of Using Ferumoxytol as an MRI Contrast Agent
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jul 2017, 38 (7) 1297-1302; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A5188

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
0 Responses
Respond to this article
Share
Bookmark this article
What Does the Boxed Warning Tell Us? Safe Practice of Using Ferumoxytol as an MRI Contrast Agent
C.G. Varallyay, G.B. Toth, R. Fu, J.P. Netto, J. Firkins, P. Ambady, E.A. Neuwelt
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jul 2017, 38 (7) 1297-1302; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A5188
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Purchase

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • ABBREVIATIONS:
    • Materials and Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Conclusions
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Crossref
  • Google Scholar

This article has not yet been cited by articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.

More in this TOC Section

Patient Safety

  • Safety of Intrathecal Gadobutrol in Various Doses
  • Impact of Kidney Function on CNS Gadolinium Deposition in Patients Receiving Repeated Doses of Gadobutrol
  • Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Radiologic Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Emergency Setting
Show more Patient Safety

Adult Brain

  • Diagnostic Neuroradiology of Monoclonal Antibodies
  • Clinical Outcomes After Chiari I Decompression
  • Segmentation of Brain Metastases with BLAST
Show more Adult Brain

Similar Articles

Advertisement

Indexed Content

  • Current Issue
  • Accepted Manuscripts
  • Article Preview
  • Past Issues
  • Editorials
  • Editor's Choice
  • Fellows' Journal Club
  • Letters to the Editor
  • Video Articles

Cases

  • Case Collection
  • Archive - Case of the Week
  • Archive - Case of the Month
  • Archive - Classic Case

More from AJNR

  • Trainee Corner
  • Imaging Protocols
  • MRI Safety Corner
  • Book Reviews

Multimedia

  • AJNR Podcasts
  • AJNR Scantastics

Resources

  • Turnaround Time
  • Submit a Manuscript
  • Submit a Video Article
  • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
  • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
  • Statistical Tips
  • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
  • Graphical Abstract Preparation
  • Imaging Protocol Submission
  • Evidence-Based Medicine Level Guide
  • Publishing Checklists
  • Author Policies
  • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
  • News and Updates

About Us

  • About AJNR
  • Editorial Board
  • Editorial Board Alumni
  • Alerts
  • Permissions
  • Not an AJNR Subscriber? Join Now
  • Advertise with Us
  • Librarian Resources
  • Feedback
  • Terms and Conditions
  • AJNR Editorial Board Alumni

American Society of Neuroradiology

  • Not an ASNR Member? Join Now

© 2025 by the American Society of Neuroradiology All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.
Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X

Powered by HighWire