Assessment of Iron Deposition in the Brain in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Correlation with Behavioral Traits

R. Sheelakumari; C. Kesavadas; T. Varghese; R.M. Sreedharan; B. Thomas; J. Verghese; P.S. Mathuranath

doi:10.3174/ajnr.A5339

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Fig 1.
Boxplot showing iron content in the superior frontal gyrus in the direct comparison among patient groups. RSFG indicates right superior frontal gyrus.
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Fig 2.
Correlation between iron concentration (micrograms of iron/gram of tissue) in the right superior frontal gyrus (RSFG) (A) and apathy, and the right putamen (RPUT) (B) and disinhibition scores in patients with bvFTD.

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Table 1:

Demographic, clinical, and behavioral data comparison^{^a}

	Controls	bvFTD	PPA	P Value (Group Effect)
Age (yr)^{^b}	61.07 ± 6.15	61.18 ± 11.96	64.64 ± 3.98	.55
Sex^{^c}	18/16	23/11	8/4	.33
FrSBe
Apathy	19.36 ± 10.55	30.26 ± 11.72	27.58 ± 13.16	.003
Disinhibition	15.86 ± 2.12	33.74 ± 9.27	24 ± 8.07	<.001
Executive dysfunction	20.41 ± 5.68	56.65 ± 16.93	34 ± 9.73	<.001
Neuropsychological test scores
MMSE	28.66 ± 1.11	18.9 ± 7.71	22.82 ± 5.51	<.001
ACE	92.45 ± 7.03	53.29 ± 24.9	55.9 ± 20.59	<.001

↵a Bonferroni post hoc tests compare differences between groups; both MMSE and ACE scores were absent in 8 patients with bvFTD and 2 with PPA.
↵b Student t test
↵c χ² test.

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Table 2:

Iron content (micrograms of iron/gram of tissue) of each region in bvFTD, PPA, and the control group

Region	Controls	bvFTD	PPA	Bonferroni-Corrected P Value^{^a}
Region	Controls	bvFTD	PPA	bvFTD vs Controls	PPA vs Controls	bvFTD vs PPA
LSFG	13.17 ± 5.78	24.35 ± 10.02	18.61 ± 4.23	<.001^{^b}	.123	.09
RSFG	12.55 ± 5.51	25.36 ± 9.82	18.45 ± 5.11	<.001^{^b}	.75	.03^{^b}
LPCG	35.16 ± 10.03	40.17 ± 7.39	37.14 ± 8.28	.064	1.00	.914
RPCG	33.46 ± 14.29	41.74 ± 7.1	39.2 ± 12.11	.012^{^b}	.416	1.00
LAC	17.21 ± 7.71	21.31 ± 5.72	18.57 ± 4.21	.034^{^b}	1.00	.634
RAC	16.72 ± 5.7	22.15 ± 6.1	17.97 ± 3.79	.001^{^b}	1.00	.092
LIN	12.44 ± 5.4	15.91 ± 7.09	15.33 ± 5.33	.074	.512	1.00
RIN	11.86 ± 5.59	16.55 ± 7.83	14.14 ± 2.78	.01^{^b}	.883	.793
LCAU	25.76 ± 12.05	29.00 ± 12.46	27.19 ± 4.88	.756	1.00	1.00
RCAU	24.96 ± 13.46	31.43 ± 13.79	25.87 ± 7.32	.13	1.00	.609
LPUT	20.96 ± 11.23	26.98 ± 8.95	21.18 ± 5.33	.037^{^b}	1.00	.227
RPUT	20.61 ± 9.5	27.84 ± 8.12	21.13 ± 6.49	.003^{^b}	.06	.066
LGP	27.58 ± 10.25	30.66 ± 9.08	28.39 ± 7.58	.55	1.00	1.00
RGP	26.65 ± 7.27	32.3 ± 11.51	28.11 ± 8.68	.053	1.00	.585
LFWM	13.96 ± 6.61	14.67 ± 5.91	15.21 ± 3.17	1.00	1.00	1.00
RFWM	13.65 ± 5.98	17.08 ± 6.77	13.30 ± 4.64	.078	1.00	.217
LHP	12.28 ± 7.60	15.64 ± 7.07	15.58 ± 4.09	.156	.493	1.000
RHP	11.95 ± 6.6	17.01 ± 8.82	14.89 ± 4.21	.024^{^b}	.671	1.00
LTP	13.72 ± 5.44	21.90 ± 8.69	19.67 ± 5.16	<.001^{^b}	.041^{^b}	1.00
RTP	13.25 ± 5.9	23.41 ± 8.71	18.77 ± 4.35	<.001^{^b}	.07	.166
LRN	27.29 ± 11.07	30.39 ± 10.99	27.90 ± 7.99	.709	1.00	1.00
RRN	24.21 ± 9.13	31.58 ± 12.66	24.69 ± 9.05	.02^{^b}	1.00	.177
LSN	26.78 ± 11.63	30.90 ± 9.90	28.05 ± 10.64	.365	1.00	1.00
RSN	26.64 ± 12.49	31.0 ± 11.25	27.85 ± 11.09	.403	1.00	1.00
LDN	20.71 ± 8.84	23.26 ± 7.86	21.41 ± 7.47	.633	1.00	1.00
RDN	19.93 ± 6.5	24.03 ± 8.41	20.47 ± 3.96	.064	1.00	.424

Note:—RTP indicates right temporal pole; LTP, left temporal pole; LIN, left insula; RIN, right insula; LCAU, left caudate; RCAU, right caudate; RPUT, right putamen; LPUT, left putamen; LGP, left globus pallidus; RGP, right globus pallidus; LFWM, left frontal white matter; RFWM, right frontal white matter; LHP, left head and body of the hippocampus; RHP, right head and body of the hippocampus; LRN, left red nucleus; RRN, right red nucleus; RSN, right substantia nigra; LSN, left substantia nigra; RSFG, right superior frontal gyrus; LSFG, left superior frontal gyrus; LDN, left dentate nucleus; RDN, right dentate nucleus; RPCG, right precentral gyrus just anterior to central sulcus; LPCG, left precentral gyrus just anterior to central sulcus; LAC, left gray matter abutting and posterior to the cingulate sulcus along with adjacent medial frontal lobe; RAC, right gray matter abutting and posterior to the cingulate sulcus along with adjacent medial frontal lobe.
↵a Bonferroni post hoc tests compare differences among groups.
↵b Significant.