Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Tract-based spatial statistics analysis between patients and controls at 12 and 24 months of age. A, Tract-based spatial statistics at 12 months of age reveals reduced fractional anisotropy values (blue areas) in the corpus callosum, deep white matter, and subcortical white matter in the temporal lobes of patients. The green areas represent white matter skeletons with a threshold FA of ≥0.2. B, Tract-based spatial statistics at 24 months of age shows no significant difference between all patients and controls. C, Tract-based spatial statistics reveals reduced fractional anisotropy values (blue areas) in widespread white matter areas of patients with a developmental quotient of <70 at 24 months of age.
- Fig 2.
Correlation of the developmental quotient and diffusion tensor imaging parameters at 12 months of age. The developmental quotient at 12 months of age shows a significant positive correlation with fractional anisotropy and negative correlations with radial ([λ2 + λ3]/2) and mean diffusivity. No correlation is evident between axonal diffusivity (λ1) and the developmental quotient at 12 months of age.
- Fig 3.
Abnormal findings on EEG at 12 months of age and diffusion tensor imaging parameters. Decreases in fractional anisotropy and increases in radial diffusivity are observed in patients with abnormalities findings on EEG compared with patients with normal electroencephalography findings at 12 months of age. White dots represent controls, gray dots are patients without seizures after initial treatments, and black dots are patients with relapsing or persistent seizures. Patients with relapsing or persistent seizures have low FA and high radial diffusivity.
- Fig 4.
Comparison of tract-based spatial statistics among patients with left temporal hypometabolism on positron-emission tomography at 24 months of age. A, Comparison of tract-based spatial statistics among 7 patients with left temporal hypometabolism and controls shows reduced fractional anisotropy in widespread white matter (blue areas) and more prominent DTI abnormalities in the left temporal lobe (arrows) compared with the right one. The green areas represent white matter skeletons with a threshold FA of ≥0.2. B, Fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography of 7 patients. Positron-emission tomography shows left temporal or temporofrontal hypometabolism (arrows). Note that the images from 3 patients with right temporal lobe hypometabolism are flipped, so all areas of hypometabolism are shown on the left side. The last patient shows additional hypometabolism in the contralateral frontal lobe (arrowhead).
Tables
Mean values of diffusion tensor imaging parameters in FA skeletons with a significant difference on tract-based spatial statistics at 12 months of agea
Patients (n = 20) Controls (n = 13) P FA 0.46 ± 0.04 0.51 ± 0.02 <.001 AD, λ1 (mm2/s) 0.0016 ± 0.0001 0.0016 ± 0.0001 NS RD, (λ2+ λ3) / 2 (mm2/s) 0.00074 ± 0.00007 0.00066 ± 0.00006 .007 MD (mm2/s) 0.0010 ± 0.0001 0.0010 ± 0.0007 NS Note:—AD indicates axial diffusivity; MD, mean diffusivity; NS, not significant; RD, radial diffusivity.
↵a Statistical analysis was performed with a nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test.
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