Radiation Necrosis in Pediatric Patients with Brain Tumors Treated with Proton Radiotherapy

References

1. 1.↵
   2. Ruben JD,
   3. Dally M,
   4. Bailey M, et al

   . Cerebral radiation necrosis: incidence, outcomes, and risk factors with emphasis on radiation parameters and chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:499–508

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
2. 2.↵
   2. Plimpton SR,
   3. Stence N,
   4. Hemenway M, et al

   . Cerebral radiation necrosis in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015;32:78–83

   CrossRef
3. 3.↵
   2. Spreafico F,
   3. Gandola L,
   4. Marchiano A, et al

   . Brain magnetic resonance imaging after high-dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy for childhood brain tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;70:1011–19

   CrossRefPubMed
4. 4.↵
   2. Fukuda A,
   3. Fukuda H,
   4. Swanpalmer J, et al

   . Age-dependent sensitivity of the developing brain to irradiation is correlated with the number and vulnerability of progenitor cells. J Neurochem 2005;92:569–84

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. 5.↵
   2. Kalm M,
   3. Lannering B,
   4. Björk-Eriksson T, et al

   . Irradiation-induced loss of microglia in the young brain. J Neuroimmunol 2009;206:70–75

   CrossRefPubMed
6. 6.↵
   2. Schindler MK,
   3. Forbes ME,
   4. Robbins ME, et al

   . Aging-dependent changes in the radiation response of the adult rat brain. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;70:826–34

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
7. 7.↵
   2. Bustamante J,
   3. Czerniczyniec A,
   4. Cymeryng C, et al

   . Age-related changes from youth to adulthood in rat brain cortex: nitric oxide synthase and mitochondrial respiratory function. Neurochem Res 2008;33:1216–23

   CrossRefPubMed
8. 8.↵
   2. Levin WP,
   3. Kooy H,
   4. Loeffler JS, et al

   . Proton beam therapy. Br J Cancer 2005;93:849–54

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
9. 9.↵
   2. Boehling NS,
   3. Grosshans DR,
   4. Bluett JB, et al

   . Dosimetric comparison of three-dimensional conformal proton radiotherapy, intensity-modulated proton therapy, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for treatment of pediatric craniopharyngiomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012;82:643–52

   CrossRefPubMed
10. 10.↵
    2. Sabin ND,
    3. Merchant TE,
    4. Harreld JH, et al

    . Imaging changes in very young children with brain tumors treated with proton therapy and chemotherapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013;34:446–50

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
11. 11.↵
    2. Howell RM,
    3. Giebeler A,
    4. Koontz-Raisig W, et al

    . Comparison of therapeutic dosimetric data from passively scattered proton and photon craniospinal irradiations for medulloblastoma. Radiat Oncol 2012;7:116

    CrossRefPubMed
12. 12.↵
    2. MacDonald SM,
    3. Safai S,
    4. Trofimov A, et al

    . Proton radiotherapy for childhood ependymoma: initial clinical outcomes and dose comparisons. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;71:979–86

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
13. 13.↵
    2. Jimenez RB,
    3. Sethi R,
    4. Depauw N, et al

    . Proton radiation therapy for pediatric medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors: outcomes for very young children treated with upfront chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013;87:120–26

    CrossRefPubMed
14. 14.↵
    2. MacDonald SM,
    3. Trofimov A,
    4. Safai S, et al

    . Proton radiotherapy for pediatric central nervous system germ cell tumors: early clinical outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011;79:121–29

    CrossRefPubMed
15. 15.↵
    Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 4.0. http://www.acrin.org/Portals/0/Administration/Regulatory/CTCAE_4.02_2009-09-15_QuickReference_5x7.pdf. . Published May 28, 2009Accessed November 5, 2014.
16. 16.↵
    2. Lawrence YR,
    3. Li XA,
    4. el Naqa I, et al

    . Radiation dose-volume effects in the brain. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;76:S20–27

    CrossRefPubMed
17. 17.↵
    2. Parvez K,
    3. Parvez A,
    4. Zadeh G

    . The diagnosis and treatment of pseudoprogression: radiation necrosis and brain tumor recurrence. Int J Mol Sci 2014;15:11832–46

    CrossRefPubMed
18. 18.↵
    2. Hygino da Cruz LC Jr.,
    3. Rodriguez I,
    4. Domingues RC, et al

    . Pseudoprogression and pseudoresponse: imaging challenges in the assessment of posttreatment glioma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011;32:1978–85

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
19. 19.↵
    2. Aguilera DG,
    3. Mazewski C,
    4. Hayes L, et al

    . Prolonged survival after treatment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma with radiation, temozolomide, and bevacizumab: report of 2 cases. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2013;35:e42–46

    CrossRefPubMed
20. 20.↵
    2. Anand AK,
    3. Chaudhory AR,
    4. Aggarwal HN, et al

    . Survival outcome and neurotoxicity in patients of high-grade gliomas treated with conformal radiation and temozolomide. J Cancer Res Ther 2012;8:50–56

    CrossRefPubMed
21. 21.↵
    2. Floyd SR,
    3. Kasper EM,
    4. Uhlmann EJ, et al

    . Hypofractionated radiotherapy and stereotactic boost with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma in good performance status elderly patients: early results of a phase II trial. Front Oncol 2012;2:122

    PubMed
22. 22.↵
    2. Jakacki RI,
    3. Burger PC,
    4. Zhou T, et al

    . Outcome of children with metastatic medulloblastoma treated with carboplatin during craniospinal radiotherapy: a Children's Oncology Group Phase I/II study. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:2648–53

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
23. 23.↵
    2. Haas RL,
    3. de Klerk G

    . An illustrated case of doxorubicin-induced radiation recall dermatitis and a review of the literature. Neth J Med 2011;69:72–75

    PubMed
24. 24.↵
    2. Peterson K,
    3. Clark HB,
    4. Hall WA, et al

    . Multifocal enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions following cranial irradiation. Ann Neurol 1995;38:237–44

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science