Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Maps of functional connectivity obtained from 5 seeds, ie, the dorsal midbrain tegmentum (yellow), thalamus (red), caudate (pink), putamen (green), and pallidum (blue)—in 12 healthy subjects (1-sample t test, P < .05, corrected for family-wise error). The images are presented according to radiologic orientation.
- Fig 2.
Differences between 19 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy and 12 healthy subjects in functional connectivity obtained from 5 seeds (2-sample t test, P < .05, corrected for family-wise error). Patients with PSP had significantly lower FC than healthy subjects in all 5 FC maps—that is, the dorsal midbrain tegmentum (yellow), thalamus (red), caudate (pink), putamen (green), and pallidum (blue). The images are presented according to radiologic orientation.
- Fig 3.
Images showing common areas of functional abnormalities shared by the 5 maps of FC. Different colors show the number of abnormal FC maps: in yellow, voxels of decreased FC in 4 maps; and in orange, voxels of decreased FC in 3 maps. Voxels of decreased FC in 2 maps are not shown. No focus of decreased FC in any of the 5 maps was identified. The images are presented according to radiologic orientation.
Tables
- Table 1:
Clinical and radiologic characteristics of 19 patients with PSP and of 12 healthy subjects
Healthy Subjectsa (n = 12) Patients with PSPa (n = 19) P Valueb Age (yr) 69.172 ± 5.201 70.933 ± 5.196 .356 Male/femalec 3/9 10/9 .158 UPDRS – 27.625 ± 17.952 NA FAB – 11.187 ± 3.799 NA H&Y – 2.9 ± 1.065 NA MMSE 29.135 ± 0.8 24.325 ± 3.886 NA PSPRS – 35.823 ± 16.994 NA History – 7.706 ± 3.820 NA Mentation – 3.647 ± 2.597 NA Bulbar – 3.117 ± 1.996 NA Ocular – 7.706 ± 2.932 NA Limb – 4.176 ± 3.486 NA Gait – 9.235 ± 5.750 NA Thalamus V (mm3) 9.483 ± 0.840 8.005 ± 0.657 <.0001d Caudate V (mm3) 4.380 ± 0.373 3.962 ± 0.477 .015 Putamen V (mm3) 5.992 ± 0.472 4.835 ± 0.575 <.0001d Pallidum V (mm3) 2.404 ± 0.472 1.857 ± 0.293 .0004d Brain stem V (mm3) 14.906 ± 1.652 12.618 ± 1.603 .0006d Intracranial V (mm3) 1620.661 ± 163.482 1549.769 ± 114.184 .165 Cortical V (mm3) 600.423 ± 41.923 576.789 ± 49.823 .167 Mean FA 0.508 ± 0.019 0.441 ± 0.030 <.0001d Mean MD (mm × sec−2) × 10−3 0.689 ± 0.026 0.762 ± 0.030 <.0001d Mean RD (mm × sec−2) × 10−3 0.478 ± 0.029 0.561 ± 0.034 <.0001d Mean AD (mm × sec−2) × 10−3 1.049 ± 0.032 1.154 ± 0.056 <.0001d Note:—UPDRS indicates Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; FAB, Frontal Assessment Battery; H&Y, Hoehn and Yahr Scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PSPRS, PSP Rating Scale; V, volume (left and right values of subcortical volumes are averaged); RD, radial diffusivity; AD, axial diffusivity; –, not available; NA = not applicable.
↵a Values are reported as mean ± SD.
↵b Differences between groups were assessed by t test.
↵c Differences between groups were assessed by χ2.
↵d Statistically significant values after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.
- Table 2:
Significant correlations between parameter estimates of FC maps and clinical scores in patients with PSP
Clinical Scalesa β P Value 95% CI R2 Thalamus Bulbar −5.89 .04 −11.57 to −0.20 0.19 Thalamus Mentation −8.02 .05 −16.20 to −0.15 0.27 Thalamus H&Y −3.51 .03 −6.60 to −0.40 0.53 Pallidum MMSE 12.23 .03 1.19–23.27 0.52 dMT FAB 42.16 .04 2.24–82.08 0.26 Note:—FAB indicates Frontal Assessment Battery; H&Y, Hoehn and Yahr Scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination.
↵a Bulbar and Mentation are subitems of the PSP Rating Scale.
