Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Vascular territories of subcortical white matter and the basal ganglia on coronal images are schematically shown (figure based on a microangiogram of a postmortem brain section of Kumabe et al11). These areas are supplied with 3 individual arteries branching from the MCA, the LSA (bold line) from the M1 segment, the LIA (dashed line) from the M2 segment, and the WMMA (dotted lines) from the M3 or M4 segment (A). To standardize radiologic interpretation, interpreters drew the virtual line from the tip of the anterior horn to the top of the superior limb of the insular cleft (the A-I line), which almost corresponds to the vascular territory of the LIA. Then, subcortical infarctions involving the A-I line (dashed line circle) were categorized into the LIA group, and those situated under the A-I line (solid line circle) were classified as the LSA group (B).
- Fig 2.
Axial and coronal reconstructed images from diffusion-weighted MR imaging in patients with an LIA infarct (A–C) and an LSA infarct (D–F) are shown. In each axial image, a small infarct of similar size can be observed. No apparent difference could be found between them. A, B and D, E: However, the coronal reconstructed images demonstrate that the former (C) is horizontally located from periventricular white matter to the top of the insular cortex or extreme capsule, while the latter (F) extends vertically (longitudinally) from the periventricular white matter to the putamen.
- Fig 3.
Axial and coronal reconstructed images from DWI of each patient with a long insular artery infarct. Coronal reconstructed images show that infarcts are horizontally located from the anterior horn to the top of the insular cortex and involve the A-I line.
Tables
Demographic and clinical features of patients with long insular artery infarction (LIA group) and lenticulostriate artery infarction (LSA group)
LIA Group (n = 8) LSA Group (n = 50) P Value Sex (male/female) 5:3 35:15 .11 Age (yr) (mean) 67.1 ± 14.4 68.40 ± 12.9 .80 Vascular risk factors Hypertension (%) 6 (75.0) 38 (76.0) .00 Hyperlipidemia (%) 1 (12.5) 19 (38.0) .24 Diabetes mellitus (%) 3 (37.5) 12 (24.0) .44 Smoking (%) 2 (25.0) 23 (46.0) .45 Systolic BP (mean) 168.9 ± 29.6 164.4 ± 28.8 .69 Diastolic BP (mean) 93.1 ± 17.5 91.9 ± 16.1 .84 NIHSS score Median 1.5 2 .13 Minimum 0 0 Maximum 4 15 Lacunar syndrome (%) 8 (100) 43 (86.0) .58 Pure motor 3 28 Pure sensory 1 0 Sensorimotor 0 8 Ataxic hemiparesis 1 5 Dysarthria–clumsy hand syndrome 3 2 Non-lacunar syndrome (%) onset 0 7 (14.0) .58 Abrupt (%) 5 (62.5) 6 (12.0) .004 Gradual (%) 2 (25.0) 39 (78.0) .006 On awakening (%) 1 (12.5) 5 (10.0) 1.00 Poor outcome (%) 0 13 (26.0) .18 Combined embolic source (%) 3 (37.5) 4 (8.0) .048 Embolic high-risk source (%) 1 (12.5) 4 (8.0) .54 Embolic moderate-risk source (%) 2 (25.0) 0 (0) .01 Note:—BP indicates blood pressure.
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.