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Neuroimaging of Rapidly Progressive Dementias, Part 2: Prion, Inflammatory, Neoplastic, and Other Etiologies

A.J. Degnan and L.M. Levy
American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2014, 35 (3) 424-431; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3455
A.J. Degnan
aFrom the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (A.J.D.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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L.M. Levy
bDepartment of Radiology (L.M.L.), George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC.
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    Fig 1.

    DWI in CJD. The most frequent MR imaging lesion patterns were defined by using DWI as the most sensitive technique. Cortex and basal ganglia hyperintensity was observed in approximately two-thirds (58%), and isolated cortical hyperintensity, in one-third (33%).7

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    Fig 2.

    DWI in CJD. Involvement of the frontal and parietal lobes in patients with isolated cortical hyperintensities in the setting of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. A, Sagittal FLAIR-weighted scan of a 58-year-old patient 3.5 months after the disease onset and 1 week before death shows signal-intensity increases in the frontal and parietal lobes. B, Axial FLAIR-weighted scan of the same patient shows frontal and parietal signal-intensity increases. C, DWI of the same patient shows frontal and parietal signal-intensity increases.7

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    Fig 3.

    Acute limbic encephalitis. A 26-year-old man with underlying precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed generalized seizures, had short-term memory loss, and was disoriented in time and place 1 month after undergoing unsuccessful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. At autopsy, multifocal subacute polioencephalomyelitis in the brain regions that were shown as affected on MR images confirmed the diagnosis of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis with neuronal loss. Initial MR images were obtained 1 day after the first generalized seizure occurred. A, Axial FLAIR image (TR/TE, 9000/110 ms; TI, 2261 ms) shows a slightly elevated signal intensity of both hippocampal formations (black arrows) and amygdala (white arrows). B, Coronal conventional T2-weighted turbo spin-echo image (TR/TE/NEX, 4462 ms/120 ms/3) shows no signal-intensity abnormality.52

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 35 (3)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 35, Issue 3
1 Mar 2014
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Cite this article
A.J. Degnan, L.M. Levy
Neuroimaging of Rapidly Progressive Dementias, Part 2: Prion, Inflammatory, Neoplastic, and Other Etiologies
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2014, 35 (3) 424-431; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3455

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Neuroimaging of Rapidly Progressive Dementias, Part 2: Prion, Inflammatory, Neoplastic, and Other Etiologies
A.J. Degnan, L.M. Levy
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2014, 35 (3) 424-431; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3455
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