Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Percutaneous CT-guided sacroplasty. Intraprocedural axial CT images during PMMA injection (A and B). The needle tip position is identified by the presence of beam-hardening artifacts (arrows) with adjacent PMMA deposition. Final postprocedural coronal CT image (C) reveals satisfactory PMMA deposition (arrows), with no extravasation into the sacral neural foramina.
- Fig 2.
Treatment effect of sacroplasty on the 4-level pain scale scores at 1 month. Most patients (93%) reported improvement or complete resolution of pain.
Tables
Score Functional Mobility Scale Analgesic Scale 0 Full activity No pain medication use 1 Walking with assistance Aspirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 2 Walking with assistance for short periods Prescription nonnarcotics 3 Walking with assistance for activities of daily living/appointments only Oral narcotic as needed 4 Confined to a wheelchair Oral narcotic scheduled 5 Bedridden Parental narcotic Reproduced from Gupta AC, Hirsch JA, Chaudhry ZA, et al. Evaluating the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous acetabuloplasty. J Neurointerv Surg 2012;4:134–38, with permission from BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
Score Four-Level Pain Scale 1 Complete pain resolution 2 Improvement in fracture-related pain 3 No change in pain 4 Worsening of pain after the procedure Characteristics Data Total patients 53 Age (mean) (yr) 76.4 ± 2.8 Age younger than 70 yr 13 (25%) Age 70–79 yr 20 (38%) Age 80–89 yr 15 (28%) Age 90 yr or older 5 (9%) Female 44 (83%) Female/male ratio 5:1 Cancer-related fracture 29 (55%) Breast cancer 9/29 (31%) Multiple myeloma 7/29 (24%) Colorectal cancer 6/29 (21%) Small cell lung cancer 2/29 (7%) Prostate cancer 1/29 (3%) Melanoma 1/29 (3%) Cervical cancer 1/29 (3%) Hematologic malignancy 1/29 (3%) Pancreatic cancer 1/29 (3%) Osteoporotic fracture 16 (30%) Traumatic fracture 8 (15%) Bilateral fractures treated 44 (83%) Sacroplasty with conscious sedation 39 (74%) Sacroplasty under general anesthesia 14 (26%) Sacroplasty with CT guidance 48 (91%) Sacroplasty with fluoroscopic guidance 5 (9%) Significant complications 0 Procedural mortality 0 Time to follow-up (days) 27 (±3.7) - Table 4:
Pre- and posttreatment VAS, FMS, and AS scores reported as median (interquartile range)
Preprocedure Postprocedure P Value Visual Analog Scale 9.0 (8.0–10.0) 3.0 (0.0–5.8) <.001 Functional Mobility Scale 3.0 (2.0–3.0) 1.0 (0.25–2.8) <.001 Analgesic Scale 3.0 (3.0–4.0) 3.0 (2.0–3.8) <.01 - Table 5:
Pre- and posttreatment VAS, FMS, and AS scores for noncancer fractures (osteoporotic insufficiency and traumatic cohort combined) reported as median (interquartile range)
Preprocedure Postprocedure P Value Visual Analog Scale 9.5 (8.0–10.0) 0.0 (0.0–4.0) <.001 Functional Mobility Scale 3.0 (1.5–3.0) 1.0 (0.0–2.0) <.01 Analgesic Scale 3.0 (3.0–3.0) 3.0 (1.0–3.0) .06 - Table 6:
Pre- and posttreatment VAS, FMS, and AS scores for cancer-related fractures reported as median (interquartile range)
Preprocedure Postprocedure P Value Visual Analog Scale 8.0 (8.0–10.0) 4.0 (2.3–6.0) <.01 Functional Mobility Scale 3.0 (2.3–3.8) 2.0 (1.0–3.0) .11 Analgesic Scale 4.0 (3.0–4.0) 4.0 (3.0–4.0) .19
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