Clinical Standardized fMRI Reveals Altered Language Lateralization in Patients with Brain Tumor

Applied visually triggered paradigms in clinical language fMRI. A, Two examples of the sentence generation paradigm are shown. Comic-like pictures such as the lion or the elephant are shown and the subject has to verbalize a standard simple sentence, such as “The lion is dangerous” or “The elephant is heavy.” Altogether, this paradigm consists of a set of 12 visual comic-like stimuli, with 12 corresponding standard simple sentences. B, Two examples of the word-generation paradigm are shown. Generic terms like “cars” or “countries” are shown and the subject is asked to generate as many words as possible, such as, “Ford, Porsche, Mercedes,” or “United States, Switzerland, Canada.” Altogether, this paradigm consists of a set of 12 generic terms.