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Fourteen patients with tumefactive demyelinating lesions and 21 patients with high-grade gliomas underwent MR imaging with conventional, DTI, and DSC perfusion imaging. Conventional imaging sequences had a sensitivity of 80.9% and specificity of 57.1% in differentiating high-grade gliomas from tumefactive demyelinating lesions. DTI metrics (p:q tensor decomposition) and DSC perfusion demonstrated a statistically significant difference among enhancing portions in tumefactive demyelinating lesions and high-grade gliomas. The highest specificity was found for ADC, the anisotropic component of the diffusion tensor, and relative CBV. The authors conclude that DTI and DSC perfusion add profoundly to conventional imaging in differentiating tumefactive demyelinating lesions and high-grade gliomas.

Ten C-arm conebeam CT perfusion datasets from 10 subjects with acute ischemic stroke acquired before endovascular treatment were retrospectively processed to generate time-resolved conebeam CTA. From time-resolved conebeam CTA, 2 experienced readers evaluated the clot burden and collateral flow in consensus by using previously reported scoring systems and assessed the clinical value of this novel imaging technique. The 2 readers agreed that time-revolved C-arm conebeam CTA was the preferred method for evaluating the clot burden and collateral flow compared with other conventional imaging methods. They conclude that comprehensive evaluations of clot burden and collateral flow are feasible by using time-resolved C-arm conebeam CTA data acquired in the angiography suite.