Patient clinical and radiologic demographics
| Patient Demographics | |
|---|---|
| Age, median; range (years) | 42 (16–68) |
| Sex, male (%) | 7 (70%) |
| Clinical presentations, n (%) | |
| Headache | 4 (40%) |
| Seizure | 3 (30%) |
| Hemiparesis | 3 (30%) |
| Confusion | 2 (20%) |
| Visual disturbance | 2 (20%) |
| Cognitive impairment | 1 (10%) |
| Word-finding difficulty | 1 (10%) |
| Location of involvement, n (%) | |
| Cortex/subcortical white matter | 7 (70%) |
| Deep white matter | 6 (60%) |
| Basal ganglia | 4 (40%) |
| Brain stem | 1 (10%) |
| Enhancement patterns, n (%) | |
| Patchy enhancement | 5 (50%) |
| Small nodular enhancement | 5 (50%) |
| Ring enhancement | 2 (20%) |
| Linear/perivascular enhancement | 1 (10%) |
| Leptomeningeal enhancement | 4 (40%) |
| Subependymal enhancement | 3 (30%) |
| Microhemorrhages, n (%) | 8 (80%) |
| Patients with available CSF analysis, n (%) | 5 (50%) |
| Abnormal CSF protein (>0.5 g/L) | 3 (60%) |
| CSF leukocytosis (>5 cells/mm3) | 4 (80%) |
| Patients with available serum inflammatory marker, n (%) | 8 (80%) |
| High ESR (>20 mL/h) | 2 (25%) |
| High CRP (>5 mg/L) | 2 (25%) |
| Surgical procedure | |
| Stereotactic-guided biopsy | 5 (50%) |
| Tumor resection | 4 (40%) |
| Open wedge biopsy | 1 (10%) |
| Histopathology | |
| Lymphocytic vasculitis | 7 (70%) |
| Lymphocytic plus necrotizing vasculitis | 2 (20%) |
| Granulomatous vasculitis | 1 (10%) |
| Treatment | |
| Steroid alone | 5 (50%) |
| Steroid plus immunosuppressive agents | 5 (50%) |
| Total duration follow-upa, median (range), months | 18 (4–77)a |
↵a Three patients did not have available clinical follow-up detail.