Neuropsychological data of control subjects
| sCON (n = 152) | dCON (n = 176) | P Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | ||
| MMSE | 28.6 | 1.2 | 28.4 | 1.5 | .439 |
| IADL | 8.3 | 0.82 | 8.3 | 1.1 | .933 |
| HADS total | 5.7 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 3.9 | 1.000 |
| Anxiety | 4.3 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 2.7 | 1.000 |
| Depression | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | .248 |
| Digit Span Forward | 5.6 | 1.1 | 5.8 | 0.96 | .386 |
| Visual Memory Span Forward (Corsi) | 5.1 | 0.97 | 5.1 | 0.89 | .876 |
| RI-48 Cued Recall Test | |||||
| Delayed cued recall | 27.3 | 5.0 | 26.8 | 5.1 | 1.000 |
| Shapes test | |||||
| Total score (3 immediate recalls) | 33.9 | 3.2 | 32.7 | 4.3 | .004a |
| Delayed recall | 11.7 | 0.74 | 11.4 | 1.3 | .024a |
| Boston Naming Test | 19.3 | 1.0 | 19.2 | 1.2 | .680 |
| Digit Symbol Coding | 56.1 | 11.8 | 50.8 | 11.0 | <.001a |
| Trail-Making Test A | |||||
| Time (s) | 42.1 | 16.0 | 42.0 | 11.4 | 1.000 |
| Error | 0.05 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.31 | 1.000 |
| Trail-Making Test B | |||||
| Time (s) | 98.7 | 41.9 | 105.7 | 43.0 | .667 |
| Error | 0.51 | 0.73 | 0.48 | 0.75 | 1.000 |
| Verbal Fluency | 22.0 | 5.6 | 22.5 | 6.5 | 1.000 |
| Wisconsin Card Sorting Test | |||||
| No. of categories completed | 4.6 | 2.1 | 4.3 | 2.2 | .223 |
| Praxis | |||||
| Constructional | 10.9 | 0.48 | 10.7 | 0.77 | .032 |
| Ideomotor transitive | 9.4 | 0.81 | 9.1 | 1.2 | .008a |
| Ideomotor intransitive | 19.5 | 1.1 | 19.5 | 1.0 | .686 |
| Reflexive | 7.0 | 0.98 | 6.9 | 1.1 | .665 |
| Visual gnosis (Ghent Overlapping Figures) | 5.0 | 0.08 | 5.0 | 0.08 | .917 |
Note:—IADL indicates Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; M, mean.
↵a Significant.