Skip to main content
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Video Articles
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
  • Special Collections
    • AJNR Awards
    • Low-Field MRI
    • Alzheimer Disease
    • ASNR Foundation Special Collection
    • Photon-Counting CT
    • View All
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcasts
    • AJNR SCANtastic
    • Trainee Corner
    • MRI Safety Corner
    • Imaging Protocols
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit a Video Article
    • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Statistical Tips
    • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Author Policies
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Board Alumni
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home

User menu

  • Alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
American Journal of Neuroradiology
American Journal of Neuroradiology

American Journal of Neuroradiology

ASHNR American Society of Functional Neuroradiology ASHNR American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology ASSR
  • Alerts
  • Log in

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • Video Articles
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
  • Special Collections
    • AJNR Awards
    • Low-Field MRI
    • Alzheimer Disease
    • ASNR Foundation Special Collection
    • Photon-Counting CT
    • View All
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcasts
    • AJNR SCANtastic
    • Trainee Corner
    • MRI Safety Corner
    • Imaging Protocols
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit a Video Article
    • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Statistical Tips
    • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Author Policies
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Board Alumni
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home
  • Follow AJNR on Twitter
  • Visit AJNR on Facebook
  • Follow AJNR on Instagram
  • Join AJNR on LinkedIn
  • RSS Feeds

AJNR Awards, New Junior Editors, and more. Read the latest AJNR updates

Research ArticlePEDIATRIC NEUROIMAGING
Open Access

Synthetic MRI and MR Fingerprinting–Derived Relaxometry of Antenatal Human Brainstem Myelination: A Postmortem-Based Quantitative Imaging Study

Victor U. Schmidbauer, Intesar-Victoria Malla Houech, Jakob Malik, Martin L. Watzenboeck, Rebecca Mittermaier, Patric Kienast, Christina Haberl, Ivana Pogledic, Christian Mitter, Gregor O. Dovjak, Astrid Krauskopf, Florian Prayer, Marlene Stuempflen, Tim Dorittke, Nikolai A. Gantner, Julia Binder, Dieter Bettelheim, Herbert Kiss, Christine Haberler, Ellen Gelpi, Daniela Prayer and Gregor Kasprian
American Journal of Neuroradiology July 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A8337
Victor U. Schmidbauer
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Victor U. Schmidbauer
Intesar-Victoria Malla Houech
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
bDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging (I.-V.M.H.), Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
cAlexander R. Margulis Fellowship 2022 (I.-V.M.H., J.M.)
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jakob Malik
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Martin L. Watzenboeck
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Rebecca Mittermaier
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Rebecca Mittermaier
Patric Kienast
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Patric Kienast
Christina Haberl
dDepartment of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine (C. Haberl, T.D., J.B., D.B., H.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ivana Pogledic
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Ivana Pogledic
Christian Mitter
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Christian Mitter
Gregor O. Dovjak
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Gregor O. Dovjak
Astrid Krauskopf
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Florian Prayer
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Florian Prayer
Marlene Stuempflen
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Marlene Stuempflen
Tim Dorittke
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
dDepartment of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine (C. Haberl, T.D., J.B., D.B., H.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Tim Dorittke
Nikolai A. Gantner
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Nikolai A. Gantner
Julia Binder
dDepartment of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine (C. Haberl, T.D., J.B., D.B., H.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Julia Binder
Dieter Bettelheim
dDepartment of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine (C. Haberl, T.D., J.B., D.B., H.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Dieter Bettelheim
Herbert Kiss
dDepartment of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine (C. Haberl, T.D., J.B., D.B., H.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Herbert Kiss
Christine Haberler
eDivision of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry (C. Haberler, E.G.), Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ellen Gelpi
eDivision of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry (C. Haberler, E.G.), Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Ellen Gelpi
Daniela Prayer
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Daniela Prayer
Gregor Kasprian
aFrom the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (V.U.S., I.-V.M.H., J.M., M.L.W., R.M., P.K., I.P., C.M., G.O.D., A.K., F.P., M.S., T.D., N.A.G., D.P., G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Gregor Kasprian
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. van der Knaap MS,
    2. Valk J
    . Magnetic Resonance of Myelination and Myelin Disorders. 3rd ed. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag: 2005
  2. 2.↵
    1. Crombie GK,
    2. Palliser HK,
    3. Shaw JC, et al
    . Prenatal stress induces translational disruption associated with myelination deficits. Dev Neurosci 2023;45:290–308 doi:10.1159/000530282 pmid:37004512
    CrossRefPubMed
  3. 3.↵
    1. Schmidbauer V,
    2. Geisl G,
    3. Diogo M, et al
    . SyMRI detects delayed myelination in preterm neonates. Eur Radiol 2019;29:7063–72 doi:10.1007/s00330-019-06325-2 pmid:31286188
    CrossRefPubMed
  4. 4.↵
    1. Schiffmann R,
    2. van der Knaap MS
    . Invited article: an MRI-based approach to the diagnosis of white matter disorders. Neurology 2009;72:750–59 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000343049.00540.c8 pmid:19237705
    CrossRefPubMed
  5. 5.↵
    1. Schmidbauer V,
    2. Dovjak G,
    3. Geisl G, et al
    . Impact of prematurity on the tissue properties of the neonatal brain stem: a quantitative MR approach. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021;42:581–89 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A6945 pmid:33478940
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  6. 6.↵
    1. Ma D,
    2. Gulani V,
    3. Seiberlich N, et al
    . Magnetic resonance fingerprinting. Nature 2013;495:187–92 doi:10.1038/nature11971 pmid:23486058
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  7. 7.↵
    1. Schmidbauer VU,
    2. Dovjak GO,
    3. Yildirim MS, et al
    . Mapping human fetal brain maturation in vivo using quantitative MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021;42:2086–93 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A7286 pmid:34503947
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  8. 8.↵
    1. Vanderhasselt T,
    2. Naeyaert M,
    3. Watté N, et al
    . Synthetic MRI of preterm infants at term-equivalent age: evaluation of diagnostic image quality and automated brain volume segmentation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020;41:882–88 doi:10.3174/ajnr.A6533 pmid:32299803
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  9. 9.↵
    1. Minkowski A
    1. Yakovlev P,
    2. Lecours A
    . The myelogenetic cycles of regional maturation of the brain. In: Minkowski A, eds. Regional Development of the Brain in Early Life. Oxford: Blackwell; 1967, 3–70
  10. 10.↵
    1. Cicchetti D
    . Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology. Psychol Assess 1994;6:284–90 doi:10.1037/1040-3590.6.4.284
    CrossRefPubMed
  11. 11.↵
    1. Warntjes JB,
    2. Leinhard OD,
    3. West J, et al
    . Rapid magnetic resonance quantification on the brain: optimization for clinical usage. Magn Reson Med 2008;60:320–29 doi:10.1002/mrm.21635 pmid:18666127
    CrossRefPubMed
  12. 12.↵
    1. Flechsig P
    . Developmental (myelogenetic) localisation of the cerebral cortex in the human subject. The Lancet 1901;158:1027–30
  13. 13.↵
    1. Garel C,
    2. Chantrel E,
    3. Elmaleh M, et al
    . Fetal MRI: normal gestational landmarks for cerebral biometry, gyration and myelination. Childs Nerv Syst 2003;19:422–25 doi:10.1007/s00381-003-0767-4 pmid:12879340
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  14. 14.↵
    1. Barkovich AJ
    . Concepts of myelin and myelination in neuroradiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000;21:1099–109 pmid:10871022
    PubMedWeb of Science
  15. 15.↵
    1. Qu F,
    2. Sun T,
    3. Chen Y, et al
    . Fetal brain tissue characterization at 1.5 T using STrategically Acquired Gradient Echo (STAGE) imaging. Eur Radiol 2021;31:5586–94 doi:10.1007/s00330-020-07618-7 pmid:33523305
    CrossRefPubMed
  16. 16.↵
    1. Gonçalves FG,
    2. Serai SD,
    3. Zuccoli G
    . Synthetic brain MRI: review of current concepts and future directions. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2018;27:387–93 doi:10.1097/RMR.0000000000000189 pmid:30516691
    CrossRefPubMed
  17. 17.↵
    1. Hwang K,
    2. Fujita S
    . Synthetic MR: physical principles, clinical implementation, and new developments. Med Phys 2022;49:4861–74 doi:10.1002/mp.15686 pmid:35535442
    CrossRefPubMed
  18. 18.↵
    1. Nunez-Gonzalez L,
    2. Kotek G,
    3. Gómez PA, et al
    . Accuracy and repeatability of QRAPMASTER and MRF-vFA. Magn Reson Imaging 2021;83:196–207 doi:10.1016/j.mri.2021.09.004 pmid:34506911
    CrossRefPubMed
  19. 19.↵
    1. Huang BS,
    2. Hsieh CY,
    3. Chai WY, et al
    . Comparing magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) and the MAGiC sequence for simultaneous T1 and T2 quantitative measurements in the female pelvis: a prospective study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023;13:2147 doi:10.3390/diagnostics13132147 pmid:37443541
    CrossRefPubMed
  20. 20.↵
    1. Wicaksono KP,
    2. Fushimi Y,
    3. Nakajima S, et al
    . Accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of T1 and T2 relaxation times measurement by 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting with different dictionary resolutions. Eur Radiol 2022;33:2895–904 doi:10.1007/s00330-022-09244-x pmid:36422648
    CrossRefPubMed
  21. 21.↵
    1. Markl M,
    2. Leupold J
    . Gradient echo imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012;35:1274–89 doi:10.1002/jmri.23638 pmid:22588993
    CrossRefPubMed
  22. 22.↵
    1. Petrén-Mallmin M,
    2. Ericsson A,
    3. Rauschning W, et al
    . The effect of temperature on MR relaxation times and signal intensities for human tissues. MAGMA 1993;1:176–84 doi:10.1007/BF01769420
    CrossRef
  23. 23.↵
    1. Lee SM,
    2. Choi YH,
    3. You SK, et al
    . Age-related changes in tissue value properties in children: simultaneous quantification of relaxation times and proton density using synthetic magnetic resonance imaging. Invest Radiol 2018;53:236–45 doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000435 pmid:29504952
    CrossRefPubMed
  24. 24.↵
    1. Wang S,
    2. Ledig C,
    3. Hajnal JV, et al
    . Quantitative assessment of myelination patterns in preterm neonates using T2-weighted MRI. Sci Rep 2019;9:12938 doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49350-3 pmid:31506514
    CrossRefPubMed
  25. 25.↵
    1. Faber J,
    2. Fonseca LM
    . How sample size influences research outcomes. Dental Press J Orthod 2014;19:27–29 doi:10.1590/2176-9451.19.4.027-029.ebo pmid:25279518
    CrossRefPubMed
  26. 26.↵
    1. Fujita S,
    2. Hagiwara A,
    3. Hori M, et al
    . Three-dimensional high-resolution simultaneous quantitative mapping of the whole brain with 3D-QALAS: an accuracy and repeatability study. Magn Reson Imaging 2019;63:235–43 doi:10.1016/j.mri.2019.08.031 pmid:31445118
    CrossRefPubMed
  27. 27.↵
    1. Bodhireddy SR,
    2. Lyman WD,
    3. Rashbaum WK, et al
    . Immunohistochemical detection of myelin basic protein is a sensitive marker of myelination in second trimester human fetal spinal cord. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1994;53:144–49 doi:10.1097/00005072-199403000-00005 pmid:7509848
    CrossRefPubMed
PreviousNext
Back to top
Advertisement
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Journal of Neuroradiology.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Synthetic MRI and MR Fingerprinting–Derived Relaxometry of Antenatal Human Brainstem Myelination: A Postmortem-Based Quantitative Imaging Study
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Journal of Neuroradiology
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Journal of Neuroradiology web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Cite this article
Victor U. Schmidbauer, Intesar-Victoria Malla Houech, Jakob Malik, Martin L. Watzenboeck, Rebecca Mittermaier, Patric Kienast, Christina Haberl, Ivana Pogledic, Christian Mitter, Gregor O. Dovjak, Astrid Krauskopf, Florian Prayer, Marlene Stuempflen, Tim Dorittke, Nikolai A. Gantner, Julia Binder, Dieter Bettelheim, Herbert Kiss, Christine Haberler, Ellen Gelpi, Daniela Prayer, Gregor Kasprian
Synthetic MRI and MR Fingerprinting–Derived Relaxometry of Antenatal Human Brainstem Myelination: A Postmortem-Based Quantitative Imaging Study
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jul 2024, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8337

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
0 Responses
Respond to this article
Share
Bookmark this article
Synthetic MRI and MR Fingerprinting–Derived Relaxometry of Antenatal Human Brainstem Myelination: A Postmortem-Based Quantitative Imaging Study
Victor U. Schmidbauer, Intesar-Victoria Malla Houech, Jakob Malik, Martin L. Watzenboeck, Rebecca Mittermaier, Patric Kienast, Christina Haberl, Ivana Pogledic, Christian Mitter, Gregor O. Dovjak, Astrid Krauskopf, Florian Prayer, Marlene Stuempflen, Tim Dorittke, Nikolai A. Gantner, Julia Binder, Dieter Bettelheim, Herbert Kiss, Christine Haberler, Ellen Gelpi, Daniela Prayer, Gregor Kasprian
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jul 2024, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8337
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Purchase

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • ABBREVIATIONS:
    • MATERIALS AND METHODS
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Crossref
  • Google Scholar

This article has not yet been cited by articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.

More in this TOC Section

  • Frontal Paraventricular Cysts
  • Sodium MRI in Pediatric Brain Tumors
  • FRACTURE MR in Congenital Vertebral Anomalies
Show more Pediatric Neuroimaging

Similar Articles

Advertisement

Indexed Content

  • Current Issue
  • Accepted Manuscripts
  • Article Preview
  • Past Issues
  • Editorials
  • Editor's Choice
  • Fellows' Journal Club
  • Letters to the Editor
  • Video Articles

Cases

  • Case Collection
  • Archive - Case of the Week
  • Archive - Case of the Month
  • Archive - Classic Case

More from AJNR

  • Trainee Corner
  • Imaging Protocols
  • MRI Safety Corner
  • Book Reviews

Multimedia

  • AJNR Podcasts
  • AJNR Scantastics

Resources

  • Turnaround Time
  • Submit a Manuscript
  • Submit a Video Article
  • Submit an eLetter to the Editor/Response
  • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
  • Statistical Tips
  • Fast Publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
  • Graphical Abstract Preparation
  • Imaging Protocol Submission
  • Evidence-Based Medicine Level Guide
  • Publishing Checklists
  • Author Policies
  • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
  • News and Updates

About Us

  • About AJNR
  • Editorial Board
  • Editorial Board Alumni
  • Alerts
  • Permissions
  • Not an AJNR Subscriber? Join Now
  • Advertise with Us
  • Librarian Resources
  • Feedback
  • Terms and Conditions
  • AJNR Editorial Board Alumni

American Society of Neuroradiology

  • Not an ASNR Member? Join Now

© 2025 by the American Society of Neuroradiology All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.
Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X

Powered by HighWire